BACKGROUND Injecting drugs is associated with a high risk of HIV infection, alongside the risk of a drug overdose and mental health problems. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) combined with rilpivirine (RPV)-based regimens on drug use of HIV individuals. METHODS This study was a prospective, open-label, controlled, drug-drug interaction trial at a single center for 24 weeks. Participants on stable MMT were randomly divided into two groups administered RPV/TDF/3TC (RPV group) and EFV/TDF/3TC (EFV group), respectively. Adjustment doses of methadone were monitored for 12 weeks. HIV-1 RNA was used to evaluate the effects of antiretroviral therapy at week 24. Acute opioid withdrawal-, drug craving questionnaire- and MOS-HIV scales were used to assess study outcomes. RESULTS 22 and 18 cases of HIV-infected drug users were recruited in the RPV and EFV groups, respectively. Thirty-one cases had completed monitoring and clinical evaluation at week 24. In the RPV and EFV groups, 32% and 56% of the participants had methadone dose adjustment, respectively, indicating a significantly lower rate in the RPV group. The rates of individuals with HIV RNA levels from 50-500 copies/ml were 94% (RPV group) and 90% (EFV group). The drug craving questionnaire scale scores decreased in both groups. After one week of treatments, acute opioid withdrawal scale scores increased in both groups, with no significant difference between them. CONCLUSION Concomitant administration of RPV does not significantly affect methadone and could decrease withdrawal symptoms. An RPV-based regimen may be used as first-line treatment in IDUs with HIV-infection.

中文翻译：

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美沙酮维持疗法联合利必韦林/依法韦仑治疗未治疗的HIV感染患者的结果。

背景技术注射药物与HIV感染的高风险以及药物过量和精神健康问题的风险相关。目的评估美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）结合利比韦林（RPV）为基础的治疗方案对HIV个体吸毒的影响。方法本研究是在单个中心进行的为期24周的前瞻性，开放标签，对照，药物-药物相互作用试验。稳定MMT的参与者随机分为两组，分别接受RPV / TDF / 3TC（RPV组）和EFV / TDF / 3TC（EFV组）。监测美沙酮的调整剂量，持续12周。HIV-1 RNA在第24周用于评估抗逆转录病毒疗法的效果。急性阿片类药物戒断，药物渴望问卷和MOS-HIV量表用于评估研究结果。结果分别在RPV和EFV组中招募了22和18例HIV感染的吸毒者。在第24周时，有31例患者完成了监测和临床评估。在RPV和EFV组中，分别有32％和56％的参与者进行了美沙酮剂量调整，这表明RPV组的比率显着降低。HIV RNA水平为50-500拷贝/ ml的个体比率分别为94％（RPV组）和90％（EFV组）。两组患者对药物渴望的问卷量表得分均下降。治疗一周后，两组急性阿片类药物戒断量表得分均升高，两组之间无显着差异。结论RPV的同时使用对美沙酮没有明显影响，可以减轻戒断症状。