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Landscape Context Influences the Bee Conservation Value of Wildflower Plantings.
Environmental Entomology ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-26 , DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab036
Christopher T McCullough 1 , Gina M Angelella 1 , Megan E O'Rourke 1
Affiliation  

Pollination provided by bees is a critical ecosystem service for agricultural production. However, bee populations are at risk from stressors such as habitat loss, pesticides, and disease. On-farm wildflower plantings is one mitigation strategy to provide habitat and resources for bees. In many instances, government programs can subsidize the installation of these plantings for private landowners. Semi-natural habitat (SNH) in the landscape is also important for bee conservation and may alter the effectiveness of wildflower plantings. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of wildflower plantings and interactions with SNH in the landscape for promoting bee abundance and richness. Bee surveys were conducted over 2 yr at 22 sites in eastern Virginia and Maryland. Wildflower plantings, averaging 0.22 ha in size, were installed and maintained by cooperators at 10 of the sites. In total, 5,122 bees were identified from 85 species. Wildflower plantings did not alter bee communities independently, but bee abundance was greater on farms with plantings and 20-30% SNH in the landscape. Bee abundance and richness had nonlinear responses to increasing SNH in the landscape. The positive effects for richness and abundance peaked when SNH was approximately 40% of the landscape. Similar to predictions of the intermediate-landscape complexity hypothesis, increases in bee abundance at wildflower sites were only detected in simplified landscapes. Results indicate that small wildflower plantings in the Mid-Atlantic U.S. only provided conservation benefits to bee communities under specific circumstances on the scale studied, and that conserving SNH across the landscape may be a more important strategy.

中文翻译:

景观环境影响野花种植的养蜂价值。

蜜蜂提供的授粉是农业生产的关键生态系统服务。但是,蜜蜂种群面临压力的威胁,例如栖息地丧失,杀虫剂和疾病。农场上的野花种植是为蜜蜂提供栖息地和资源的一种缓解策略。在许多情况下,政府计划可以为私人土地所有者补贴这些种植的安装。景观中的半自然栖息地(SNH)对于养蜂也很重要,并且可能会改变野花种植的效果。在这项研究中,我们测试了野花种植以及与景观中SNH的相互作用对促进蜜蜂丰度和丰富度的有效性。在弗吉尼亚东部和马里兰州的22个地点进行了为期2年的蜜蜂调查。野花种植,平均面积为0.22公顷,由合作伙伴在10个站点中安装和维护。总共从85个物种中鉴定出5,122蜜蜂。野花种植并没有独立改变蜂群,但是在有种植且景观中SNH含量为20%至30%的农场上,蜜蜂的丰度更高。蜜蜂的丰富度和丰富度对景观中SNH的增加具有非线性响应。当SNH大约占景观的40%时,对丰富度和丰度的积极影响达到顶峰。与对中间景观复杂性假说的预测相似,仅在简化景观中才检测到野花位置的蜜蜂丰度增加。结果表明,在所研究的规模上,美国中大西洋地区的小型野花种植仅在特定情况下为蜜蜂群落提供了保护效益,
更新日期:2021-04-26
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