Background: Suicidal intent for patients attempting suicide using violent methods (VMs) is assumed to be higher than for those using self-poisoning (SP), which may explain the higher mortality observed in follow-up studies. However, this has not been studied prospectively. Aims: We aimed to compare patients attempting suicide using VMs with those using SP regarding suicidal intent, suicidal ideation, depression, and hopelessness during hospital stay and after 1 year. Methods: Patients hospitalized after suicide attempt by VMs (n = 80) or SP (n = 81) completed the Beck scales for Suicide Intent, Suicide Ideation, Depression Inventory, and Hopelessness on admission and at the 12-month follow-up. Results: On admission, those using VMs had higher suicidal intent than those using SP (M = 16.2 vs. 13.3, p < .001), but lower depression scores (M = 22.2 vs. 26.8, p < .05). No significant differences were found in suicidal ideation (M = 20.1 vs. 23.1) or hopelessness (M = 10.1 vs. 11.9). At 12-month follow-up, depression scores decreased significantly for both groups, while hopelessness decreased only for the SP group. Limitations: The statistical power achieved was lower than intended. Conclusion: The higher levels of suicidal intent, but lower levels of depression, may indicate more impulsivity among people attempting suicide using VMs. Suicidal ideation was relatively stable.

中文翻译：

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试图用暴力方法自杀的患者与自我中毒相比，自杀意图更高。

背景：假设使用暴力方法 (VM) 试图自杀的患者的自杀意图高于使用自我中毒 (SP) 的患者，这可能解释了后续研究中观察到的较高死亡率。然而，这尚未进行前瞻性研究。目的：我们旨在比较使用 VM 尝试自杀的患者与使用 SP 的患者在住院期间和 1 年后的自杀意图、自杀意念、抑郁和绝望。方法：VMs (n = 80) 或 SP (n = 81) 自杀未遂后住院的患者在入院时和 12 个月的随访中完成了关于自杀意图、自杀意念、抑郁量表和绝望的贝克量表。结果：入院时，使用 VMs 的人比使用 SP 的人有更高的自杀意图（M = 16.2 vs. 13.3，p < .001），但抑郁评分较低（M = 22. 2 与 26.8，p < .05）。在自杀意念（M = 20.1 vs. 23.1）或绝望（M = 10.1 vs. 11.9）方面没有发现显着差异。在 12 个月的随访中，两组的抑郁评分均显着下降，而只有 SP 组的绝望评分下降。局限性：获得的统计功效低于预期。结论：自杀意图水平较高，但抑郁水平较低，可能表明使用虚拟机试图自杀的人更容易冲动。自杀意念相对稳定。达到的统计功效低于预期。结论：自杀意图水平较高，但抑郁水平较低，可能表明使用虚拟机试图自杀的人更容易冲动。自杀意念相对稳定。达到的统计功效低于预期。结论：自杀意图水平较高，但抑郁水平较低，可能表明使用虚拟机试图自杀的人更容易冲动。自杀意念相对稳定。