BACKGROUND Terrorism remains one of the most serious global problems, affecting a very large number of people, a significant percentage of whom can suffer psychological disorders arising from a terrorist attack. The purpose of this article is to describe the current state of scientific knowledge about these psychological disorders and their treatment. METHOD Systematic narrative or meta-analytical reviews of the scientific literature on the subject published between 2010 and 2020 were searched for in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and PTSDpubs. RESULTS The search located 16 systematic reviews whose findings were analyzed, leading to ten conclusions about the most common psychological disorders and their progression, the type and percentage of victims who will be most affected by them, and the most effective and useful treatments for those disorders during the various phases following an attack. CONCLUSIONS After a terrorist attack, both direct and indirect victims will need short- and mid-term psychological care and follow up. Direct victims, the direct relatives of any deceased, and other victims significantly exposed to the attack or its consequences, will also need long- and very long-term care and follow up. Currently, trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapies are the treatment of choice for victims in the rescue, recovery, and return-to-life phases.

中文翻译：

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每个心理学家在治疗恐怖主义受害者中应了解的十件事。

背景技术恐怖主义仍然是最严重的全球性问题之一，影响了很多人，其中很大一部分人可能遭受由恐怖袭击引起的心理障碍。本文的目的是描述有关这些心理障碍及其治疗方法的科学知识的现状。方法在PsycINFO，MEDLINE和PTSDpubs中搜索有关2010年至2020年之间发表的关于该主题的科学文献的系统叙述或荟萃分析综述。结果该搜索找到了16条系统评价，并对它们的发现进行了分析，得出了关于最常见的心理障碍及其进展，受其影响最大的受害者的类型和百分比的十个结论，以及在发作后各个阶段针对这些疾病的最有效和最有用的治疗方法。结论在恐怖袭击之后，直接和间接的受害者都将需要短期和中期的心理护理并采取后续行动。直接受害者，死者的直系亲属以及遭受攻击或其后果严重影响的其他受害者也将需要长期和非常长期的照顾并采取后续行动。当前，针对创伤的认知行为疗法是在抢救，恢复和重生阶段中受害者的首选治疗方法。以及其他遭受攻击或其后果严重影响的受害者，也将需要长期和非常长期的护理并采取后续行动。当前，针对创伤的认知行为疗法是在抢救，恢复和重生阶段中受害者的首选治疗方法。以及其他遭受攻击或其后果严重影响的受害者，也将需要长期和非常长期的护理并采取后续行动。当前，针对创伤的认知行为疗法是在抢救，恢复和重生阶段中受害者的首选治疗方法。