PURPOSE In 2015, the South Korean government legislated the Act for the Improvement of Training Conditions and Status of Medical Resid7`nn78bbbbbbbbbbnbents (Medical Resident Act). This study investigated changes in the working and learning environment pre- and post-implementation of the Medical Resident Act in 2017, as well as changes in training conditions by year post-implementation. METHODS An annual cross-sectional voluntary survey was conducted by the Korean Intern Resident Association (KIRA) between 2016 and 2019. The learning and working environment, including extended shift length, rest time, learning goals, and job satisfaction, were compared by institution type, training year, and specialty. RESULTS Of the 55,727 enrollees in the KIRA, 15,029 trainees took the survey, and the number of survey participants increased year by year (from 2,984 in 2016 to 4,700 in 2019). Overall working hours tended to decrease; however, interns worked the most (114 hours in 2016, 88 hours in 2019; P<0.001). Having 10 hours or more of break time has gradually become more common (P<0.001). Lunch breaks per week decreased from 5 in 2017 to 4 in 2019 (P<0.001). Trainees' sense of educational deprivation increased from 17.5% in 2016 to 25.6% in 2018 (P<0.001). Awareness of tasks and program/work achievement goals increased from 29.2% in 2016 to 58.3% in 2018 (P<0.001). Satisfaction with the learning environment increased over time, whereas satisfaction with working conditions varied. CONCLUSION The Medical Resident Act has brought promising changes to the training of medical residents in Korea, as well as their satisfaction with the training environment.

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2015年韩国《医疗居住法》颁布后，医疗居民的工作条件和学习环境的变化：一项为期4年的国家纵向研究。

目的2015年，韩国政府制定了《改善医疗残障人士的培训条件和地位的法案》（《医疗居民法案》）。这项研究调查了2017年《医疗居民法》实施前后工作和学习环境的变化，以及实施后每年培训条件的变化。方法韩国实习生协会（KIRA）在2016年至2019年之间进行了年度横断面自愿调查。按机构类型比较了学习和工作环境，包括轮班时间，休息时间，学习目标和工作满意度的延长。 ，培训年份和专业。结果在KIRA的55,727名学生中，有15,029名学员参加了调查，参与调查的人数逐年增加（从2016年的2,984人增加到2019年的4,700人）。总体工作时间倾向于减少；然而，实习生工作最多（2016年为114小时，2019年为88小时; P <0.001）。拥有10个小时或更长时间的休息时间逐渐变得越来越普遍（P <0.001）。每周的午休时间从2017年的5个减少到2019年的4个（P <0.001）。学员的教育匮乏感从2016年的17.5％增加到2018年的25.6％（P <0.001）。对任务和计划/工作成就目标的意识从2016年的29.2％增加到2018年的58.3％（P <0.001）。随着时间的流逝，对学习环境的满意度不断提高，但对工作条件的满意度却有所不同。结论《医疗居民法》为韩国医疗居民的培训带来了可喜的变化，