This study investigated item and scale functioning in the triarchic psychopathy measure (TriPM) using an item response theory (IRT) analysis. TriPM data collected from 937 (410 men and 527 women) college students and community members were analyzed. A graded response model was utilized to analyze the items comprising the TriPM's three scales. Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) supported the unidimensionality of the Disinhibition and Meanness scales, whereas Boldness was best represented by two domains. Each TriPM scale was found to include some items that had limited ability to differentiate between respondents possessing varying levels of the trait being measured. Across all scales, 34 items (61%) yielded evidence of significantly different responding between men and women possessing similar levels of the underlying trait, or differential item functioning (DIF). The scoring format (i.e., directly scored vs. reverse scored) also influenced item functioning, especially when the given scale included a large majority of one scoring type. Overall, the IRT and DIF results suggest that the TriPM effectively identifies disinhibition and meanness in individuals possessing high levels of those traits, and boldness at lower levels, but does not seem to identify these traits equally well in men and women. Possible revisions to the Boldness scale as well as ideas for addressing female and male DIF were provided. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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三元精神病测量的项目反应理论分析。

本研究使用项目反应理论 (IRT) 分析调查了三元精神病测量 (TriPM) 中的项目和量表功能。分析了从 937 名（410 名男性和 527 名女性）大学生和社区成员收集的 TriPM 数据。使用分级反应模型来分析构成 TriPM 三个量表的项目。探索性因素分析 (EFA) 支持去抑制和平均量表的单维性，而大胆最好用两个域来表示。发现每个 TriPM 量表都包含一些项目，这些项目在区分具有不同水平被测量特征的受访者方面的能力有限。在所有量表中，34 个项目 (61%) 得出的证据表明，具有相似潜在特征水平的男性和女性之间的反应显着不同，或差分项目功能（DIF）。评分格式（即直接评分与反向评分）也影响项目功能，特别是当给定的量表包括大多数评分类型时。总体而言，IRT 和 DIF 的结果表明，TriPM 有效地识别了具有高水平这些特征的个体的去抑制和刻薄，以及在较低水平的大胆，但似乎在男性和女性中并没有同样好地识别这些特征。提供了对大胆量表的可能修订以及解决女性和男性 DIF 的想法。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。IRT 和 DIF 的结果表明，TriPM 有效地识别了具有高水平这些特征的个体的去抑制和卑鄙，以及较低水平的大胆，但似乎并没有在男性和女性中同样好地识别这些特征。提供了对大胆量表的可能修订以及解决女性和男性 DIF 的想法。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。IRT 和 DIF 的结果表明，TriPM 有效地识别了具有高水平这些特征的个体的去抑制和卑鄙，以及较低水平的大胆，但似乎并没有在男性和女性中同样好地识别这些特征。提供了对大胆量表的可能修订以及解决女性和男性 DIF 的想法。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。