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Neocortical Layer 1: An Elegant Solution to Top-Down and Bottom-Up Integration
Annual Review of Neuroscience ( IF 13.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-08 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-100520-012117
Benjamin Schuman 1 , Shlomo Dellal 1 , Alvar Prönneke 1 , Robert Machold 1 , Bernardo Rudy 1, 2
Affiliation  

Many of our daily activities, such as riding a bike to work or reading a book in a noisy cafe, and highly skilled activities, such as a professional playing a tennis match or a violin concerto, depend upon the ability of the brain to quickly make moment-to-moment adjustments to our behavior in response to the results of our actions. Particularly, they depend upon the ability of the neocortex to integrate the information provided by the sensory organs (bottom-up information) with internally generated signals such as expectations or attentional signals (top-down information). This integration occurs in pyramidal cells (PCs) and their long apical dendrite, which branches extensively into a dendritic tuft in layer 1 (L1). The outermost layer of the neocortex, L1 is highly conserved across cortical areas and species. Importantly, L1 is the predominant input layer for top-down information, relayed by a rich, dense mesh of long-range projections that provide signals to the tuft branches of the PCs. Here, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of the composition of L1 and review evidence that L1 processing contributes to functions such as sensory perception, cross-modal integration, controlling states of consciousness, attention, and learning.

中文翻译:


新皮质第 1 层:自上而下和自下而上整合的优雅解决方案

我们的许多日常活动,例如骑自行车上班或在嘈杂的咖啡馆看书,以及高技能的活动,例如专业人士打网球或小提琴协奏曲,都依赖于大脑快速制作的能力。根据我们行动的结果,随时调整我们的行为。特别是,它们依赖于新皮质将感觉器官提供的信息(自下而上的信息)与内部产生的信号(例如期望或注意力信号(自上而下的信息))整合的能力。这种整合发生在锥体细胞 (PC) 及其长顶端树突中,其在第 1 层 (L1) 中广泛分支成树突簇。新皮层的最外层,L1 在皮层区域和物种中高度保守。重要的,L1 是自上而下信息的主要输入层,由丰富、密集的远程投影网格中继,向 PC 的簇状分支提供信号。在这里,我们讨论了我们对 L1 组成的理解的最新进展,并回顾了 L1 处理有助于感官知觉、跨模式整合、控制意识状态、注意力和学习等功能的证据。

更新日期:2021-07-09
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