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On the power per mitochondrion and the number of associated active ATP synthases
Physical Biology ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 , DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/abf7d9
Peyman Fahimi, Chrif F Matta

Recent experiments and thermodynamic arguments suggest that mitochondrial temperatures are higher than those of the cytoplasm. A “hot mitochondrion” calls for a closer examination of the energy balance that endows it with these claimed elevated temperatures. As a first step in this effort, we present here a semi-quantitative bookkeeping whereby, in one stroke, a formula is proposed that yields the rate of heat production in a typical mitochondrion and a formula for estimating the number of “active” ATP synthase molecules per mitochondrion. The number of active ATP synthase molecules is the equivalent number of ATP synthases operating at 100% capacity to maintain the rate of mitochondrial heat generation. Scaling laws are shown to determine the number of active ATP synthase molecules in a mitochondrion and mitochondrial rate of heat production, whereby both appear to scale with cell volume. Four heterotrophic protozoan cell types are considered in this study. The studied cells, selected to cover a wide range of sizes (volumes) from ca. 100 μm3 to 1 million μm3, are estimated to exhibit a power per mitochondrion ranging from ca. 1 pW to 0.03 pW. In these cells, the corresponding number of active ATP synthases per mitochondrion ranges from 5000 to just about a hundred. The absolute total number of ATP synthase molecules per mitochondrion, regardless of their activity status, can be up to two orders of magnitudes higher.



中文翻译:

关于每个线粒体的功率和相关活性 ATP 合酶的数量

最近的实验和热力学论证表明线粒体温度高于细胞质的温度。“热线粒体”需要更仔细地检查能量平衡,使其具有这些声称的高温。作为这项工作的第一步,我们在这里提出了一个半定量的簿记,其中,一次提出了一个公式,该公式产生了典型线粒体的产热率,以及一个估算“活性”数量的公式。” 每个线粒体的 ATP 合酶分子。活性 ATP 合酶分子的数量等于以 100% 能力运行以维持线粒体产热率的 ATP 合酶的数量。显示缩放定律可确定线粒体中活性 ATP 合酶分子的数量和线粒体产热率,这两者似乎都与细胞体积成比例。本研究考虑了四种异养原生动物细胞类型。所研究的细胞,被选择以涵盖从100 μ中号3至100万μ3,估计显示出每线粒体范围从功率1 pW 到 0.03 pW。在这些细胞中,每个线粒体对应的活性 ATP 合酶数量从 5000 到大约一百不等。每个线粒体的 ATP 合酶分子的绝对总数,无论其活性状态如何,都可以高出两个数量级。

更新日期:2021-06-14
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