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Transcriptomic signatures of temperature adaptation in the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica.
Journal of Evolutionary Biology ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-06 , DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13789
Kevin M Johnson,Hollis R Jones,Sandra M Casas,Jerome F La Peyre,Morgan W Kelly

The large geographic distribution of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, makes it an ideal species to test how populations have adapted to latitudinal gradients in temperature. Despite inhabiting distinct thermal regimes, populations of C. virginica near the species' southern and northern geographic range show no population differences in their physiological response to temperature. In this study, we used comparative transcriptomics to understand how oysters from either end of the species' range maintain enantiostasis across three acclimation temperatures (10, 20, and 30°C). With this approach, we identified genes that were differentially expressed in response to temperature between individuals of C. virginica collected from New Brunswick, Canada and Louisiana, USA. We observed a core set of genes whose expression responded to temperature in both populations, but also an even larger set of genes with expression patterns that were unique to each population. Intriguingly, the genes with population-specific responses to temperature had elevated FST and Ka/Ks ratios compared to the genome-wide average. In contrast, genes showing only a response to temperature were found to only have elevated FST values suggesting that divergent FST may be due to selection on linked regulatory regions rather than positive selection on protein coding regions. Taken together, our results suggest that, despite coarse-scale physiological similarities, natural selection has shaped divergent gene expression responses to temperature in geographically separated populations of this broadly eurythermal marine invertebrate.

中文翻译:

东部牡蛎 Crassostrea virginica 温度适应的转录组学特征。

东部牡蛎 Crassostrea virginica 的广泛地理分布使其成为测试种群如何适应温度纬度梯度的理想物种。尽管居住在不同的热环境中,但该物种南部和北部地理范围附近的 C. virginica 种群在其对温度的生理反应方面没有表现出种群差异。在这项研究中,我们使用比较转录组学来了解物种范围两端的牡蛎如何在三个驯化温度(10、20 和 30°C)下保持对映平衡。通过这种方法,我们确定了在从加拿大新不伦瑞克省和美国路易斯安那州收集的弗吉尼亚 C. 个体之间响应温度差异表达的基因。我们观察到一组核心基因,其表达对两个种群的温度都有反应,但还有一组更大的基因,其表达模式对于每个种群都是独一无二的。有趣的是,与全基因组平均值相比,对温度具有群体特异性反应的基因具有升高的 FST 和 Ka/Ks 比率。相比之下,发现仅对温度有反应的基因仅具有升高的 FST 值,这表明发散的 FST 可能是由于对连接调节区的选择,而不是对蛋白质编码区的正选择。综上所述,我们的结果表明,尽管存在粗尺度的生理学相似性,但自然选择已经在这种广泛分布的广温海洋无脊椎动物的地理上分离的种群中形成了对温度的不同基因表达反应。
更新日期:2021-04-10
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