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Educational Assortative Mating in Sub-Saharan Africa: Compositional Changes and Implications for Household Wealth Inequality.
Demography ( IF 4.222 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-01 , DOI: 10.1215/00703370-9000609
Luca Maria Pesando 1
Affiliation  

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is undergoing rapid transformations in the realm of union formation in tandem with significant educational expansion and rising labor force participation rates. Concurrently, the region remains the least developed and most unequal along multiple dimensions of human and social development. In spite of this unique scenario, never has the social stratification literature examined patterns and implications of educational assortative mating for inequality in SSA. Using 126 Demographic and Health Surveys from 39 SSA countries between 1986 and 2016, this study is the first to document changing patterns of educational assortative mating by marriage cohort, subregion, and household location of residence and relate them to prevailing sociological theories on mating and development. Results show that net of shifts in educational distributions, mating has increased over marriage cohorts in all subregions except for Southern Africa, with increases driven mostly by rural areas. Trends in rural areas align with the status attainment hypothesis, whereas trends in urban areas are consistent with the inverted U-curve framework and the increasing applicability of the general openness hypothesis. The inequality analysis conducted through a combination of variance decomposition and counterfactual approaches reveals that mating accounts for a nonnegligible share (3% to 12%) of the cohort-specific inequality in household wealth, yet changes in mating over time hardly move time trends in wealth inequality, which is in line with findings from high-income societies.

中文翻译:

撒哈拉以南非洲的教育分类交配:家庭财富不平等的构成变化和影响。

撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 正在经历工会组织领域的快速转变,同时伴随着显着的教育扩张和劳动力参与率的提高。同时,该地区在人类和社会发展的多个维度上仍然是最不发达和最不平等的地区。尽管存在这种独特的情况,但社会分层文献从未研究过教育分类交配对 SSA 不平等的影响。本研究使用 1986 年至 2016 年间来自 39 个 SSA 国家的 126 次人口和健康调查,首次记录了按婚姻队列、次区域和家庭居住地变化的教育性交配模式,并将它们与关于交配和发展的流行社会学理论联系起来. 结果表明,在扣除教育分布的变化后,除南部非洲外,所有次区域的交配比结婚队列都有所增加,其中增加主要是由农村地区推动的。农村地区的趋势与地位获得假设一致,而城市地区的趋势与倒 U 型曲线框架和普遍开放假设的日益适用性一致。通过结合方差分解和反事实方法进行的不平等分析表明,在家庭财富中特定群体的不平等中,交配占了不可忽视的份额(3% 到 12%),但随着时间的推移,交配的变化几乎不会改变财富的时间趋势不平等,这与高收入社会的调查结果一致。除南部非洲外,所有次区域的交配比结婚群体都有所增加,增加主要是由农村地区推动的。农村地区的趋势与地位获得假设一致,而城市地区的趋势与倒 U 型曲线框架和普遍开放假设的日益适用性一致。通过结合方差分解和反事实方法进行的不平等分析表明,在家庭财富中特定群体的不平等中,交配占了不可忽视的份额(3% 到 12%),但随着时间的推移,交配的变化几乎不会改变财富的时间趋势不平等,这与高收入社会的调查结果一致。除南部非洲外,所有次区域的交配比结婚群体都有所增加,增加主要是由农村地区推动的。农村地区的趋势与地位获得假设一致,而城市地区的趋势与倒 U 型曲线框架和普遍开放假设的日益适用性一致。通过结合方差分解和反事实方法进行的不平等分析表明,在家庭财富中特定群体的不平等中,交配占了不可忽视的份额(3% 到 12%),但随着时间的推移,交配的变化几乎不会改变财富的时间趋势不平等,这与高收入社会的调查结果一致。而城市地区的趋势与倒 U 型曲线框架和普遍开放假设的日益适用性一致。通过结合方差分解和反事实方法进行的不平等分析表明,在家庭财富中特定群体的不平等中,交配占了不可忽视的份额(3% 到 12%),但随着时间的推移,交配的变化几乎不会改变财富的时间趋势不平等,这与高收入社会的调查结果一致。而城市地区的趋势与倒 U 型曲线框架和普遍开放假设的日益适用性一致。通过结合方差分解和反事实方法进行的不平等分析表明,在家庭财富中特定群体的不平等中,交配占了不可忽视的份额(3% 到 12%),但随着时间的推移,交配的变化几乎不会改变财富的时间趋势不平等,这与高收入社会的调查结果一致。
更新日期:2021-04-01
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