Although numerous studies have examined how children raised in same-sex-parented families fare relative to children in different-sex-parented families, this body of work suffers from major methodological shortcomings. By leveraging linked administrative data from several population registers from the Netherlands covering the 2006-2018 period (n = 1,454,577), we overcome most methodological limitations affecting earlier research. The unique features of the data include complete population coverage, reliable identification of same-sex-parented families, a large number of children in same-sex-parented families (n = 3,006), multiple objective and verifiable educational outcomes, and detailed measures of family dynamics over children's entire life courses. The results indicate that children in same-sex-parented families outperform children in different-sex-parented families on multiple indicators of academic performance, including standardized tests scores, high school graduation rates, and college enrollment. Such advantages extend to both male and female children, and are more pronounced among children in female than male same-sex-parented families. These findings challenge deficit models of same-sex parenting.

中文翻译：

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同性和异性父母家庭中儿童的学业成绩：对来自荷兰的关联行政数据的人口水平分析。

尽管许多研究调查了在同性父母家庭中长大的孩子相对于在异性父母家庭中长大的孩子的情况，但这些工作在方法论上存在重大缺陷。通过利用来自荷兰 2006-2018 年期间（n = 1,454,577）的多个人口登记册的相关行政数据，我们克服了影响早期研究的大多数方法限制。数据的独特之处包括人口覆盖面完整、同性家庭识别可靠、同性家庭子女数量众多（n=3,006）、教育成果多客观、可验证，以及对教育的详细衡量。儿童整个生命过程中的家庭动态。结果表明，在标准化考试成绩、高中毕业率和大学入学率等多项学习成绩指标上，同性家庭的孩子比异性家庭的孩子表现更好。这种优势同时适用于男性和女性儿童，并且在女性儿童中比男性同性家庭更为明显。这些发现挑战了同性育儿的缺陷模型。