Nonnative species often transform local communities to the detriment of native species. Much of the existing invasion ecology research focuses on the effects of a few extremely impactful species, and it is less clear how nonnative species which are not causing economic or ecological impacts alter closely related natives at risk of being displaced. Filling these knowledge gaps is critical because consequences of nonnative species are likely to vary depending on taxonomic scale, functional trait, and spatial or temporal niche. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate how biodiversity of native Formicidae (ants), Carabidae (ground beetles), and Scolytinae (bark and ambrosia beetles) species changes across a gradient of pressure from nonnative confamilials. We calculated Hill numbers for each group from data presented in literature and correlated native diversity metrics to proportion of nonnative species. Species richness of native ants was significantly negatively correlated with proportions of nonnative ants, whereas bark and ambrosia beetle metrics showed a nonsignificant negative correlation. Nonnative ground beetles had neutral effects on diversity of native ground beetles. Resulting contrasting patterns of invasive species effects on natives suggest complex biotic and abiotic factors driving effects of nonnative species in these groups. Our results suggest that a few extreme examples (e.g., red imported fire ants) drive most of the changes seen in native arthropod communities. To accurately assess impacts of invaders on native arthropod diversity, baseline data are needed, and community analyses must consider diverse functional traits of native taxa and improve the depth and breadth of community sampling.

中文翻译：

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非本地蚂蚁（膜翅目：蚁科）、地甲虫（鞘翅目：Carabidae）和树皮和仙人掌甲虫（鞘翅目：Curculionidae）对本地家族的比较 Meta 分析影响

非本地物种经常改变当地社区，损害本地物种。现有的入侵生态学研究大多集中在少数极具影响力的物种的影响上，不太清楚不会造成经济或生态影响的非本地物种如何改变有流离失所风险的密切相关的本地人。填补这些知识空白至关重要，因为非本地物种的后果可能会因分类规模、功能特征和空间或时间生态位而异。我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估本地蚁科（蚂蚁）、Carabidae（地面甲虫）和 Scolytinae（树皮和仙鹤草甲虫）物种的生物多样性如何在来自非本地家族的压力梯度下发生变化。我们根据文献中提供的数据计算了每组的希尔数，并将本地多样性指标与非本地物种的比例相关联。原生蚂蚁的物种丰富度与非原生蚂蚁的比例呈显着负相关，而树皮和天竺葵指标显示出不显着的负相关。非本地地甲虫对本地地甲虫的多样性具有中性影响。由此产生的入侵物种对本地人影响的对比模式表明，复杂的生物和非生物因素驱动了这些群体中非本地物种的影响。我们的研究结果表明，一些极端的例子（例如，红色进口火蚁）推动了本地节肢动物群落的大部分变化。为了准确评估入侵者对本地节肢动物多样性的影响，需要基线数据，