Annual Review of Neuroscience ( IF 13.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-08 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-092920-121538 Jean-Marc Goaillard 1 , Eve Marder 2
The large number of ion channels found in all nervous systems poses fundamental questions concerning how the characteristic intrinsic properties of single neurons are determined by the specific subsets of channels they express. All neurons display many different ion channels with overlapping voltage- and time-dependent properties. We speculate that these overlapping properties promote resilience in neuronal function. Individual neurons of the same cell type show variability in ion channel conductance densities even though they can generate reliable and similar behavior. This complicates a simple assignment of function to any conductance and is associated with variable responses of neurons of the same cell type to perturbations, deletions, and pharmacological manipulation. Ion channel genes often show strong positively correlated expression, which may result from the molecular and developmental rules that determine which ion channels are expressed in a given cell type.
中文翻译:
神经元和电路弹性中的离子通道简并性、变异性和协变
在所有神经系统中发现的大量离子通道提出了关于单个神经元的特征内在特性如何由它们表达的特定通道子集决定的基本问题。所有神经元都显示出许多不同的离子通道,它们具有重叠的电压和时间依赖性特性。我们推测这些重叠的特性促进了神经元功能的恢复力。相同细胞类型的单个神经元显示出离子通道电导密度的可变性,即使它们可以产生可靠和相似的行为。这使任何电导的简单功能分配变得复杂,并且与相同细胞类型的神经元对扰动、缺失和药理学操作的不同反应有关。离子通道基因通常表现出强烈的正相关表达,