Microbial resistance to conventional therapeutics has become a significant threat to human society. Biofilms serve as the major virulence factor for the microorganisms by resisting the antibiotics and host innate immune system. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional therapeutics due to their exceptional anti-biofilm and broad-spectrum antimicrobial property. Researchers have applied bioinformatics, genetic engineering, tissue culture, and drug delivery approaches to enhance the production and therapeutic efficacy of antimicrobial peptides. This review comprehensively describes the various aspects of AMPs with particular focus on their anti-biofilm potential. Other detailed information highlighted in this review includes different classes of AMPs, their mode of action, and anti-biofilm activity both alone and in synergy with other AMPs or conventional antibiotics. Further, challenges and opportunities of AMPs based drug delivery systems such as nano-formulations, polymeric micelles, and vesicles are also summarized.

微生物对常规疗法的耐药性已成为对人类社会的重大威胁。生物膜通过抵抗抗生素和宿主先天免疫系统而成为微生物的主要毒力因子。抗菌肽 (AMP) 因其卓越的抗生物膜和广谱抗菌特性而成为传统疗法的潜在替代品。研究人员已应用生物信息学、基因工程、组织培养和药物递送方法来提高抗菌肽的生产和治疗效果。这篇综述全面描述了 AMP 的各个方面，特别关注其抗生物膜的潜力。本次审查中强调的其他详细信息包括不同类别的 AMP、它们的作用方式、和抗生物膜活性，既可以单独使用，也可以与其他 AMP 或常规抗生素协同作用。此外，还总结了基于 AMP 的药物递送系统（如纳米制剂、聚合物胶束和囊泡）的挑战和机遇。