Cellular models such as yeasts are a driving force in biogerontology studies. Their simpler genome, short lifespans and vast genetic and genomics resources make them ideal to characterise pro-ageing and anti-ageing genes and signalling pathways. Over the last three decades, yeasts have contributed to the understanding of fundamental aspects of lifespan regulation including the roles of nutrient response, global protein translation rates and quality, DNA damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function and dysfunction as well as autophagy. In this short review, we focus on approaches used for competitive and non-competitive cell-based screens using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, for deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying chronological ageing. Automation accompanied with appropriate computational tools allowed manipulation of hundreds of thousands of colonies, generation, processing and analysis of genome-wide lifespan data. Together with barcoding and modern mutagenesis technologies, these approaches have allowed to take decisive steps towards a global, comprehensive view of cellular ageing.

中文翻译：

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酵母模型中的全基因组筛选以了解按时间顺序的寿命调节

酵母等细胞模型是生物老年学研究的推动力。它们更简单的基因组、较短的寿命和丰富的遗传和基因组学资源使它们成为表征促衰老和抗衰老基因和信号通路的理想选择。在过去的三十年里，酵母有助于理解寿命调节的基本方面，包括营养反应的作用、整体蛋白质翻译率和质量、DNA 损伤、氧化应激、线粒体功能和功能障碍以及自噬。在这篇简短的综述中，我们重点介绍了使用出芽酵母酿酒酵母和裂殖酵母粟酒裂殖酵母进行竞争性和非竞争性细胞筛选的方法，以破译按时间顺序老化的分子机制。自动化与适当的计算工具相结合，可以操作数十万个菌落，生成、处理和分析全基因组寿命数据。与条形码和现代诱变技术一起，这些方法已允许采取决定性步骤，以全面全面地了解细胞衰老。