Cellular models such as yeasts are a driving force in biogerontology studies. Their simpler genome, short lifespans and vast genetic and genomics resources make them ideal to characterise pro-ageing and anti-ageing genes and signalling pathways. Over the last three decades, yeasts have contributed to the understanding of fundamental aspects of lifespan regulation including the roles of nutrient response, global protein translation rates and quality, DNA damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function and dysfunction as well as autophagy. In this short review, we focus on approaches used for competitive and non-competitive cell-based screens using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, for deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying chronological ageing. Automation accompanied with appropriate computational tools allowed manipulation of hundreds of thousands of colonies, generation, processing and analysis of genome-wide lifespan data. Together with barcoding and modern mutagenesis technologies, these approaches have allowed to take decisive steps towards a global, comprehensive view of cellular ageing.

中文翻译：

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在酵母模型中进行全基因组筛选，以了解按时间顺序进行的寿命调节。

诸如酵母之类的细胞模型是生物老年医学研究的驱动力。它们的基因组更简单，寿命短以及广泛的遗传和基因组资源，使其成为表征衰老和抗衰老基因以及信号通路的理想之选。在过去的三十年中，酵母菌促进了生命周期调控的基本方面的理解，包括营养素反应，整体蛋白质翻译速率和质量，DNA损伤，氧化应激，线粒体功能和功能障碍以及自噬的作用。在这篇简短的综述中，我们着重于使用发芽酵母啤酒酵母和裂变酵母裂殖酵母粟酒裂殖酵母的竞争性和非竞争性细胞筛选方法，以破译按时间顺序老化的分子机制。自动化以及适当的计算工具允许对数十万个菌落进行操作，生成，处理和分析全基因组寿命数据。这些方法与条形码和现代诱变技术一起，已采取了决定性的步骤，朝着对细胞衰老的全球，全面的观点迈进了一步。