Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized as abnormal function and structure of myocardium associated with diabetes irrespective of other cardiac risk factors like hypertension or coronary artery disease (CAD). The pathogenesis of DCM was not well understood in the past due to its complexity but it has been discovered recently. Various factors are found to be associated with the onset of DCM including impaired calcium handling, remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM), increased oxidative stress, altered metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endothelial dysfunction. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are also found to be of great importance in the pathogenesis of DCM. Different miRNAs like miR-126, miR-24, miR-1, miR-155, miR-499, and miR-199a are found to be associated with different types of heart diseases like CAD and myocardial infarction. Studies have shown that the miRNA plays a crucial role in the development of DCM and it was found that the expression levels of different miRNAs differ in patients as compared to healthy individuals. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of DCM and various factors involved in the onset of diabetic car-diomyopathy. Moreover, the probable role of miRNA in the pathogenesis of DCM is also discussed.

中文翻译：

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糖尿病心肌病的发病机制和 miRNA 的作用。

糖尿病心肌病的特征是与糖尿病相关的心肌功能和结构异常，而与其他心脏危险因素如高血压或冠状动脉疾病 (CAD) 无关。DCM 的发病机制过去由于其复杂性而未被充分了解，但最近已被发现。发现多种因素与 DCM 的发病有关，包括钙处理受损、细胞外基质 (ECM) 重塑、氧化应激增加、代谢改变、线粒体功能障碍和内皮功能障碍。还发现微 RNA (miRNA) 在 DCM 的发病机制中具有重要意义。不同的 miRNA，如 miR-126、miR-24、miR-1、miR-155、miR-499 和 miR-199a 被发现与不同类型的心脏病（如 CAD 和心肌梗塞）有关。研究表明 miRNA 在 DCM 的发展中起着至关重要的作用，并且发现不同 miRNA 的表达水平在患者中与健康个体相比有所不同。本综述重点介绍 DCM 的发病机制和参与糖尿病心肌病发病的各种因素。此外，还讨论了 miRNA 在 DCM 发病机制中的可能作用。