Given that conventional therapies are ineffective for COVID-19, obtained exosomes from stem cells have been proposed as a sustainable and effective treatment. Exosomes are subsets with lengths between 30 and 100 nanometers, and they can be secreted by different cells. Exosomes are containing different types of miRNAs, mRNAs, and different proteins. The role of immune system modulation of exosomes of mesenchymal stem cells has been studied and confirmed in more than one study. Exosome miRNAs detect and reduce cytokines that cause cytokine storms such as IL-7, IL-2, IL-6, etc. These miRNAs include miR-21, miR-24, miR-124, miR-145, etc. The risks associated with treatment with exosomes from different cells are relatively small compared to other treatments because transplanted cells do not stimulate the host immune system and also has reduced infection transmission. Due to the ineffectiveness of existing drugs in reducing inflammation and preventing cytokine storms, the use of immune-boosting systems may be suggested as another way to control cytokine storm.

鉴于常规疗法对 COVID-19 无效，从干细胞中获得的外泌体已被提议作为一种可持续且有效的治疗方法。外泌体是长度在 30 到 100 纳米之间的子集，它们可以由不同的细胞分泌。外泌体包含不同类型的 miRNA、mRNA 和不同的蛋白质。间充质干细胞外泌体的免疫系统调节作用已在不止一项研究中得到研究和证实。外泌体miRNA检测并减少引起细胞因子风暴的细胞因子，如IL-7、IL-2、IL-6等。这些miRNA包括miR-21、miR-24、miR-124、miR-145等。与其他治疗方法相比，用来自不同细胞的外泌体治疗相关的风险相对较小，因为移植的细胞不会刺激宿主免疫系统，也减少了感染传播。由于现有药物在减少炎症和预防细胞因子风暴方面无效，因此可能建议使用免疫增强系统作为控制细胞因子风暴的另一种方法。