The last decade has been characterized by the development and approval of pretomanid and delamanid, which are nitroimidazole based drugs for multidrug -resistant tuberculosis. This attracted renewed attention to the nitroheterocyclic scaffolds as a source of safe and efficient antimicrobial agents. While the primary focus is still on nitrofurans and nitroimidazoles, well known as bioreducible prodrugs, a number of studies have been published on other 5-membered nitroheteroaromatic compounds. The latter not only show promising antimicrobial activity but also demonstrate modes of action different from the conventional reductive activation of the nitro group. Considering the potential of these efforts to impact the continuing race against drug-resistant pathogens, herein we review non-furan/imidazole-based 5-membered nitroheteroaromatics investigated as antimicrobial agents in 2010-2020.

过去十年的特点是 pretomanid 和 delamanid 的开发和批准，它们是用于耐多药结核病的硝基咪唑类药物。这引起了人们对硝基杂环支架作为安全有效抗菌剂来源的重新关注。虽然主要关注点仍然是硝基呋喃和硝基咪唑，它们是众所周知的生物可还原前药，但已经发表了许多关于其他 5 元硝基杂芳族化合物的研究。后者不仅表现出有希望的抗菌活性，而且还表现出不同于传统硝基还原活化的作用方式。考虑到这些努力可能会影响与耐药病原体的持续竞赛，