Aquaporins function as water and neutral solute channels, signaling hubs, disease virulence factors, and metabolon components. We consider plant aquaporins that transport ions compared to some animal counterparts. These are candidates for important, as yet unidentified, cation and anion channels in plasma, tonoplast, and symbiotic membranes. For those individual isoforms that transport ions, water, and gases, the permeability spans 12 orders of magnitude. This requires tight regulation of selectivity via protein interactions and posttranslational modifications. A phosphorylation-dependent switch between ion and water permeation in AtPIP2;1 might be explained by coupling between the gates of the four monomer water channels and the central pore of the tetramer. We consider the potential for coupling between ion and water fluxes that could form the basis of an electroosmotic transducer. A grand challenge in understanding the roles of ion transporting aquaporins is their multifunctional modes that are dependent on location, stress, time, and development. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 72 is May 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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适应性强的多功能离子传导水通道蛋白。

水通道蛋白可作为水和中性溶质通道，信号枢纽，疾病毒力因子和代谢产物的成分。我们认为与某些动物对应物相比，植物水通道蛋白可传输离子。这些是血浆，液泡膜和共生膜中重要但尚未确定的阳离子和阴离子通道的候选者。对于那些运输离子，水和气体的同工型，渗透率跨度为12个数量级。这需要通过蛋白质相互作用和翻译后修饰来严格控制选择性。在AtPIP2; 1中离子和水的渗透之间的磷酸化依赖性转换可以通过四个单体水通道的闸门与四聚体的中心孔之间的偶联来解释。我们考虑了离子和水通量之间耦合的潜力，这可能构成电渗换能器的基础。理解离子运输水通道蛋白的作用面临的一大挑战是其多功能模式，该模式取决于位置，压力，时间和发育。《植物生物学年度评论》第72卷的最终最终在线发布日期为2021年5月。有关修订的估算，请参见http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。