Improvements in understanding the neurobiological basis of mental illness have unfortunately not translated into major advances in treatment. At this point, it is clear that psychiatric disorders are exceedingly complex and that, in order to account for and leverage this complexity, we need to collect longitudinal datasets from much larger and more diverse samples than is practical using traditional methods. We discuss how smartphone-based research methods have the potential to dramatically advance our understanding of the neuroscience of mental health. This, we expect, will take the form of complementing lab-based hard neuroscience research with dense sampling of cognitive tests, clinical questionnaires, passive data from smartphone sensors, and experience-sampling data as people go about their daily lives. Theory- and data-driven approaches can help make sense of these rich data sets, and the combination of computational tools and the big data that smartphones make possible has great potential value for researchers wishing to understand how aspects of brain function give rise to, or emerge from, states of mental health and illness. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Neuroscience, Volume 44 is July 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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智能手机和心理健康的神经科学。

不幸的是，对精神疾病神经生物学基础知识的了解并未转化为治疗的重大进展。在这一点上，很明显，精神疾病非常复杂，为了解决和利用这种复杂性，我们需要从比传统方法实际更大，规模更大的样本中收集纵向数据集。我们讨论基于智能手机的研究方法如何潜在地极大地增进我们对心理健康的神经科学的理解。我们预计，这将以对实验室为基础的硬神经科学研究的形式进行补充，其中包括密集的认知测试，临床调查表，来自智能手机传感器的被动数据以及随着人们日常生活的经历而采集的数据。理论和数据驱动的方法可以帮助理解这些丰富的数据集，而计算工具与智能手机可以实现的大数据的结合对于希望了解脑功能各方面的研究者具有巨大的潜在价值，或者从心理健康和疾病状态中出现。《神经科学年度评论》（第44卷）的最终最终在线发布日期为2021年7月。有关修订的估算，请参见http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。