The blockchain technology is one of the hottest research fields in recent years, and it can provide a new security solution for data transmission and storage under trust-free environments. The distributed structure of blockchain is naturally suitable for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), which can be used to build distributed trustworthy IIoT with high security. The transaction database is the most important security component in the blockchain-enabled IIoT systems. Each valid transaction must be recorded in the database on the long connected blockchain. Merkle tree is designed for the transaction verification and it can guarantee the data integrity and security. Therefore, the Merkle tree has the same and fixed verification time for every transaction. Due to the human elements, only a few transactions will be verified frequently in some real scenarios. The current Merkle tree storage structure can not improve the verification efficiency for transactions that require frequent verification in IIoT systems with heterogeneous Devices. To tackle the issue, this paper proposes an optimized Merkle tree structure for efficient transaction verification in trustworthy blockchain-enabled IIoT systems. This work first analyzes the current building method and verification mechanism of the Merkle tree structure. Then we propose the optimized Merkle tree structure and its construction and verification. Finally, the superiority of our proposed method is proved through extensive experiments. The new Merkle tree structure is more efficient for verifying blockchain transactions for trustworthy blockchain-enabled IIoT systems.

区块链技术是近年来最热门的研究领域之一，它可以为无信任环境下的数据传输和存储提供一种新的安全解决方案。区块链的分布式结构自然适用于工业物联网（IIoT），可用于构建具有高安全性的分布式可信赖的IIoT。交易数据库是启用区块链的IIoT系统中最重要的安全组件。每个有效交易必须记录在长连接的区块链上的数据库中。Merkle树专为事务验证而设计，可以保证数据的完整性和安全性。因此，Merkle树对每个交易都具有相同且固定的验证时间。由于人为因素，在某些实际情况下，只有很少的交易会被频繁验证。当前的Merkle树存储结构无法提高需要在具有异构设备的IIoT系统中频繁验证的交易的验证效率。为了解决这个问题，本文提出了一种优化的Merkle树结构，以在可信任的启用区块链的IIoT系统中进行有效的交易验证。这项工作首先分析了Merkle树结构的当前构建方法和验证机制。然后提出了优化的Merkle树结构及其构造和验证。最后，通过广泛的实验证明了我们提出的方法的优越性。新的Merkle树结构对于验证可信任的启用区块链的IIoT系统的区块链交易更加有效。当前的Merkle树存储结构无法提高需要在具有异构设备的IIoT系统中频繁验证的交易的验证效率。为了解决这个问题，本文提出了一种优化的Merkle树结构，以在可信任的启用区块链的IIoT系统中进行有效的交易验证。这项工作首先分析了Merkle树结构的当前构建方法和验证机制。然后提出了优化的Merkle树结构及其构造和验证。最后，通过广泛的实验证明了我们提出的方法的优越性。新的Merkle树结构对于验证可信任的启用区块链的IIoT系统的区块链交易更加有效。当前的Merkle树存储结构无法提高需要在具有异构设备的IIoT系统中频繁验证的交易的验证效率。为了解决这个问题，本文提出了一种优化的Merkle树结构，以在可信任的启用区块链的IIoT系统中进行有效的交易验证。这项工作首先分析了Merkle树结构的当前构建方法和验证机制。然后提出了优化的Merkle树结构及其构造和验证。最后，通过广泛的实验证明了我们提出的方法的优越性。新的Merkle树结构对于验证可信任的启用区块链的IIoT系统的区块链交易更加有效。