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Soil and soil organic carbon effects on simulated Southern High Plains dryland Cotton production
Soil and Tillage Research ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2021.105040
Steven A. Mauget , Sushil K. Himanshu , Tim S. Goebel , Srinivasalu Ale , Robert J. Lascano , Dennis C. Gitz

The effect of increasing soil organic content (SOC) on the soil water retention and cotton yield productivity of two benchmark U.S. Southern High Plains (SHP) soils was estimated using pedotransfer functions and the CROPGRO-Cotton crop simulation model. Increasing plow layer (0−30 cm) SOC leads to increased wilting point (WP), field capacity (FC), and plant available water capacity (PAW = FC-WP) in both soils. The increase in a clay loam’s available water capacity is modest, with a 1% increase in SOC producing an additional 0.16 cm of PAW in the soil profile’s uppermost 30 cm. The fine sandy loam’s plow layer effect is twice that, with a 1% SOC increase producing a 0.32 cm PAW increase. These effect’s magnitudes were consistent with a recent meta-analysis of SOC on soil water retention, but considerably below those cited by national and regional extension services. As surface SOC levels in both soils were increased above baseline levels the fine sandy loam’s median simulated cotton lint yields were essentially unchanged, while clay loam yields decreased. The clay loam yield effect is attributed to increased soil evaporation rates. Conservation agriculture (CA) practices such as increased residue retention may compensate for these weak soil water retention effects, but cotton’s limited residue production would require winter cover crops or alternate crop rotations. As the success of terminated winter wheat – dryland cotton rotations is unclear in past SHP field studies, a CA sorghum-cotton rotation with periodic tillage is proposed as a SHP dryland production system.



中文翻译:

土壤和土壤有机碳对南部高原平原旱地棉花生产的影响

使用pedotransfer函数和CROPGRO-Cotton作物模拟模型,估算了增加土壤有机含量(SOC)对两种美国南部高平原(SHP)基准土壤的水分保持和棉花产量的影响。两种土壤中耕层厚度(0-30厘米)的SOC都增加,导致萎点(WP),田间持水量(FC)和植物可用水量(PAW = FC-WP)增大。粘土壤土的可用水容量的增加是适度的,SOC增加1%,则在土壤剖面的最上方30 cm处产生额外的0.16 cm PAW。细砂壤土的耕层效应是其两倍,即SOC增加1%,PAW增加0.32 cm。这些影响的幅度与最近对土壤水分保持力的SOC的荟萃分析一致,但大大低于国家和地区推广服务机构所引用的水平。当两种土壤中的表面SOC水平增加到高于基线水平时,细砂壤土的模拟棉绒中位数产量基本不变,而粘土壤土产量下降。粘土壤土的增产效应归因于土壤蒸发速率的提高。保护性农业(CA)的做法,例如增加残留物残留量,可以弥补土壤水分保持力的弱势,但是棉花残留量有限,将需要冬季覆盖作物或轮作。在过去的SHP田间研究中,由于终止冬小麦–旱地棉花轮作的成功性尚不清楚,因此,提出了一种带有定期耕作的CA高粱–棉花轮作作为SHP旱地生产系统。当两种土壤中的表面SOC水平增加到高于基线水平时,细砂壤土的模拟棉绒中位数产量基本不变,而粘土壤土产量下降。粘土壤土的增产效应归因于土壤蒸发速率的提高。保护性农业(CA)的做法,例如增加残留物残留量,可以弥补土壤水分保持力的弱势,但是棉花残留量有限,将需要冬季覆盖作物或轮作。由于在过去的SHP田间研究中,终止冬小麦–旱地棉花轮作的成功还不清楚,因此,建议将CA的高粱,棉轮作定期耕作作为SHP旱地生产系统。当两种土壤中的表面SOC水平增加到高于基线水平时,细砂壤土的模拟棉绒中位数产量基本不变,而粘土壤土产量下降。粘土壤土的增产效应归因于土壤蒸发速率的提高。保护性农业(CA)的做法,例如增加残留物残留量,可以弥补土壤水分保持力的弱势,但是棉花残留量有限,将需要冬季覆盖作物或轮作。在过去的SHP田间研究中,由于终止冬小麦–旱地棉花轮作的成功性尚不清楚,因此,提出了一种带有定期耕作的CA高粱–棉花轮作作为SHP旱地生产系统。粘土壤土的增产效应归因于土壤蒸发速率的提高。保护性农业(CA)的做法,例如增加残留物残留量,可以弥补土壤水分保持力的弱势,但是棉花残留量有限,将需要冬季覆盖作物或轮作。在过去的SHP田间研究中,由于终止冬小麦–旱地棉花轮作的成功性尚不清楚,因此,提出了一种带有定期耕作的CA高粱–棉花轮作作为SHP旱地生产系统。粘土壤土的增产效应归因于土壤蒸发速率的提高。保护性农业(CA)的做法,例如增加残留物残留量,可以弥补土壤水分保持力的弱势,但是棉花残留量有限,将需要冬季覆盖作物或轮作。在过去的SHP田间研究中,由于终止冬小麦–旱地棉花轮作的成功性尚不清楚,因此,提出了一种带有定期耕作的CA高粱–棉花轮作作为SHP旱地生产系统。

更新日期:2021-05-07
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