Sulphonylureas are extensively used in the treatment of type II diabetes; however, these drugs have complications of hypoglycaemia and weight gain. The current study aims at developing a potent antidiabetic drug that has lesser side effects and better management of its associated conditions. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesised using Syzygium cumini seed extract with an average size of 18.92 nm. In vitro studies on rat insulinoma (RIN-5F) cells revealed that cells treated with synthesised ZnO NPs showed a dose-dependent increase in insulin secretion. Streptozotocin-fructose-induced type II diabetic rats treated with ZnO NPS exhibited a significant reduction (p < 0.01) in the blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels and increase (p < 0.01) in serum insulin and liver antioxidant enzyme levels proclaiming its role as a hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic drug. Treatment of ZnO NPs in diabetic rats exhibited an increased number of beta cells which was responsible for its increased insulin levels and reduced glucose levels. From the overall observations, biosynthesised ZnO NPs exhibited an efficacious hypoglycaemic effect in diabetic rats, so it can be suggested as a potent antidiabetic drug.

中文翻译：

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生物合成氧化锌纳米颗粒对胰腺β细胞的保护作用：体外和体内方法。

磺脲类药物广泛用于治疗 II 型糖尿病；然而，这些药物有低血糖和体重增加的并发症。目前的研究旨在开发一种有效的抗糖尿病药物，这种药物副作用更小，并且可以更好地控制相关疾病。氧化锌纳米粒子 (ZnO NPs) 使用平均大小为 18.92 nm 的蒲桃种子提取物合成。对大鼠胰岛素瘤 (RIN-5F) 细胞的体外研究表明，用合成的 ZnO NPs 处理的细胞显示出胰岛素分泌的剂量依赖性增加。用 ZnO NPS 治疗的链脲佐菌素-果糖诱导的 II 型糖尿病大鼠的血糖水平、总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白水平显着降低（p < 0.01）并增加（p < 0.01）。01) 在血清胰岛素和肝脏抗氧化酶水平中，表明其作为降血糖和降血脂药物的作用。糖尿病大鼠中 ZnO NPs 的治疗表现出增加的 β 细胞数量，这是导致其胰岛素水平升高和葡萄糖水平降低的原因。从整体观察来看，生物合成的 ZnO NPs 在糖尿病大鼠中表现出有效的降血糖作用，因此可以被认为是一种有效的抗糖尿病药物。