Abstract

The article analyses progress towards universal healthcare in Latin America by comparing the cases of Chile, where coverage was expanded and new benefits were added under a dual public-private model, and Mexico, where a voluntary public insurance programme was layered along existing social insurance schemes. The analysis adopts the framework of policy architectures. Both cases register significant equity gaps and segmentation of the population. Still, the Chilean system achieves higher coverage and generosity due to the unification of the public sector. In Mexico, the low quality of public schemes pushes families into unregulated private providers, triggering a process of implicit commodification.

摘要

本文通过比较智利的案例分析了拉丁美洲在全民医疗保健方面取得的进展，智利在公私二元模式下扩大了覆盖范围并增加了新福利，而墨西哥则在现有社会保险计划的基础上实施了自愿公共保险计划。 . 分析采用政策架构框架。这两种情况都记录了显着的公平差距和人口细分。尽管如此，由于公共部门的统一，智利系统实现了更高的覆盖率和慷慨度。在墨西哥，低质量的公共计划将家庭推向不受监管的私人提供者，从而引发了隐性商品化过程。