Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is a reservoir of fungal endophytes that may affect its growth, health status and grape production. Although there is growing interest in comparing fungal communities of mainly red grape varieties across various factors using only high-throughput sequencing, the small-scale mycobiome variations in geographically close vineyards need further examination. We aimed to characterize the fungal microbiome of the above-ground tissues of V. vinifera cv. Furmint in different plant parts, seasons and sites using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods, and in planta fluorescent microscopic visualization techniques. Samples were collected from four sites of the Tokaj wine region in Mád and two reference sites in Eger, Hungary, across different seasons for 2 years. Fungal endophytes of young and mature leaves, flowers and grape bunches were collected at different phenological stages. Based on each technique, Aureobasidium pullulans, Cladosporium spp. and the complex species Alternaria alternata dominated the community at every site, season and plant organ. We found no significant difference among communities in distinct neighbouring vineyards, nor when compared with the distant reference sites. We can conclude that the different shoot parts of the Furmint grapevines harbour a common core group of fungal community in these regions.

中文翻译：

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白葡萄葡萄 Vitis vinifera cv 的地上部分。Furmint 分享真菌微生物组的核心成员

葡萄 ( Vitis vinifera ) 是真菌内生菌的储存库，可能会影响其生长、健康状况和葡萄产量。尽管人们越来越关注仅使用高通量测序来比较各种因素的主要红葡萄品种的真菌群落，但地理上接近的葡萄园中的小规模真菌群落变异需要进一步检查。我们旨在表征V地上组织的真菌微生物组。葡萄品种 使用依赖培养和不依赖培养的方法在不同植物部位、季节和地点以及在植物荧光显微可视化技术。从马德托卡伊葡萄酒产区的四个地点和匈牙利埃格尔的两个参考地点收集样本，跨越不同的季节，为期 2 年。采集不同物候阶段的嫩叶和成熟叶、花和葡萄串的真菌内生菌。基于每种技术，Aureobasidium pullulans、Cladosporium spp。和复杂的物种交链格孢在每个地点，每个季节和植物器官中都主导着社区。我们发现不同相邻葡萄园的社区之间没有显着差异，与遥远的参考地点相比也没有。我们可以得出结论，Furmint 葡萄藤的不同枝条部分在这些地区拥有一个共同的核心真菌群落。