We propose methods for synthesizing multilayer optical lattices of cold atoms in a layer-by-layer manner, to unlock the potential of optical lattices in simulating novel multilayer systems. The scheme combines compressed Gaussian beams of far red-detuned laser and an optical device with modified Michelson interferometers as key components. The compressed Gaussian beam makes possible standalone and purely two-dimensional optical lattices, which are the building blocks of target multilayer optical lattices. The modified Michelson interferometers split one compressed Gaussian beam into several beams, in a manner allowing delicate control over the vertical distances between the outgoing beams and their propagation directions. We illustrate the proposal with the displaced dice lattice, which is a trilayer lattice that maps to the dice lattice when projected to the same layer. Both the dice model and its interesting variants may be realized. We also discuss extensions to other interesting multilayer lattices such as the twisted multilayer lattices.

我们提出了一种以逐层方式合成冷原子的多层光学晶格的方法，以在模拟新型多层系统中释放光学晶格的潜力。该方案将远红失谐激光的压缩高斯光束与一个光学器件结合在一起，该光学器件具有改进的迈克尔逊干涉仪作为关键组件。压缩的高斯光束使独立和纯粹的二维光学晶格成为可能，它们是目标多层光学晶格的组成部分。修改后的迈克尔逊干涉仪将压缩的高斯光束分成几束，从而可以精确控制出射光束之间的垂直距离及其传播方向。我们用位移的骰子格子来说明这个建议，这是一个三层晶格，当投影到同一层时会映射到骰子晶格。骰子模型及其有趣的变体都可以实现。我们还将讨论对其他有趣的多层晶格（例如，扭曲的多层晶格）的扩展。