Attentional biomarkers in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are difficult to detect using only behavioural testing. We explored whether attention measured by a low-cost EEG system might be helpful to detect a possible disorder at its earliest stages. The GokEvolution application was designed to train attention and to provide a measure to identify attentional problems in children early on. Attention changes registered with NeuroSky MindWave in combination with the CARAS-R psychological test were used to characterise the attentional profiles of 52 non-ADHD and 23 ADHD children aged 7 to 12 years old. The analyses revealed that the GokEvolution was valuable in measuring attention through its use of EEG–BCI technology. The ADHD group showed lower levels of attention and more variability in brain attentional responses when compared to the control group. The application was able to map the low attention profiles of the ADHD group when compared to the control group and could distinguish between participants who completed the task and those who did not. Therefore, this system could potentially be used in clinical settings as a screening tool for early detection of attentional traits in order to prevent their development.

中文翻译：

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电子游戏的注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的注意力水平检测和单通道BCI耳机的大脑活动测量

注意缺陷多动障碍中的注意生物标志物很难仅通过行为测试来检测。我们探讨了通过低成本脑电图系统测量的注意力是否有助于在早期阶段发现可能的疾病。GokEvolution应用程序旨在训练注意力并提供一种措施，以尽早发现儿童的注意力问题。使用NeuroSky MindWave注册的注意力变化结合CARAS-R心理测验来表征52位7岁至12岁的非ADHD和23位ADHD儿童的注意力状况。分析表明，GokEvolution通过使用EEG-BCI技术在衡量注意力方面具有重要价值。与对照组相比，ADHD组的注意力水平较低，大脑注意反应的变异性更大。与对照组相比，该应用程序能够映射ADHD组的低注意力状况，并且可以区分完成任务的参与者和未完成任务的参与者。因此，该系统可能在临床环境中用作早期注意特征检测的筛查工具，以防止其发展。