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Observation of the Ionosphere in Middle Latitudes during 2009, 2018 and 2018/2019 Sudden Stratospheric Warming Events
Atmosphere ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-06 , DOI: 10.3390/atmos12050602
Zbyšek Mošna , Ilya Edemskiy , Jan Laštovička , Michal Kozubek , Petra Koucká Knížová , Daniel Kouba , Tarique Adnan Siddiqui

The ionospheric weather is affected not only from above by the Sun but also from below by processes in the lower-lying atmospheric layers. One of the most pronounced atmospheric phenomena is the sudden stratospheric warming (SSW). Three major SSW events from the periods of very low solar activity during January 2009, February 2018, and December 2018/January 2019 were studied to evaluate this effect of the neutral atmosphere on the thermosphere and the ionosphere. The main question is to what extent the ionosphere responds to the SSW events with focus on middle latitudes over Europe. The source of the ionospheric data was ground-based measurements by Digisondes, and the total electron content (TEC). In all three events, the ionospheric response was demonstrated as an increase in electron density around the peak height of the F2 region, in TEC, and presence of wave activity. We presume that neutral atmosphere forcing and geomagnetic activity contributed differently in individual events. The ionospheric response during SSW 2009 was predominantly influenced by the neutral lower atmosphere. The ionospheric changes observed during 2018 and 2018/2019 SSWs are a combination of both geomagnetic and SSW forcing. The ionospheric response to geomagnetic forcing was noticeably lower during time intervals outside of SSWs.

中文翻译:

在2009年,2018年和2018/2019年期间对中纬度电离层的观测

电离层天气不仅受到太阳在上方的影响,而且受到较低层大气层中的过程的影响。最明显的大气现象之一是平流层突然变暖(SSW)。研究了2009年1月,2018年2月和2018年12月/ 2019年1月的极低太阳活动时期的三项SSW事件,以评估中性大气对热层和电离层的这种影响。主要问题是电离层对SSW事件的反应程度如何,重点是欧洲中纬度地区。电离层数据的来源是由Digisondes进行的地面测量以及总电子含量(TEC)。在这三个事件中,电离层响应都被证明是在TEC中,F2区的峰高附近的电子密度增加了,和波浪活动的存在。我们假定中性大气强迫和地磁活动在单个事件中的贡献不同。2009年SSW期间的电离层响应主要受中性低层大气的影响。在2018年和2018/2019年SSW期间观测到的电离层变化是地磁强迫和SSW强迫的结合。在SSW以外的时间间隔内,电离层对地磁强迫的响应明显降低。
更新日期:2021-05-06
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