The present study evaluated the adjuvant effects of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) spores on the immune response induced by an SVCV-M protein, which was equivalent to a subunit vaccine in German mirror carp (Cyprirnus Carpio Songpa Linnaeus Mirror). The following results were observed: in vitro, there were no toxic effects of B. subtilis spores and SVCV-M protein on the viability of epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells. In addition, B. subtilis spores can significantly reduce the oxidative damage of the spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) on EPC cells, but protein-M had no significant effects on the oxidative damage of EPC cells. In vivo, higher levels of specific IgM could be detected in the protein-M+B. subtilis spores group, compared with that in PBS, B. subtilis spores and Protein-M groups. Immune-related indexes including the activities of LZM and AKP and the content of C3 and C4 in the protein-M+B. subtilis spores group were strongly upregulated. Immune-related genes had the same trend as the immune-related indexes. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of the protein-M+B. subtilis spores group was also better than that of PBS, B. subtilis spores and Protein-M groups. Finally, the highest survival rate (59.69%) was observed in the protein-M+B. subtilis spores group, while the survival rate was 8.89% in protein-M group, and 0% in the PBS and B. subtilis spores groups. This study suggests B. subtilis spores as an adjuvant that can enhance the protection efficacy of the SVCV subunit vaccine (SVCV-M protein) in common carp.

中文翻译：

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枯草芽孢杆菌孢子作为佐剂增强SVCV亚单位疫苗（SVCV-M蛋白）对德国镜鲤（Cyprirnus Carpio Songpa Linnaeus Mirror）的保护功效

本研究评估的佐剂效应枯草芽孢杆菌（乙。 枯草上由SVCV-M蛋白质，其相当于在德国镜鲤（亚单位疫苗诱导的免疫应答）的孢子Cyprirnus卡皮奥松坡Linnaeus的镜像）。观察到以下结果：在体外，B没有毒性作用。 枯草芽孢杆菌孢子和 SVCV-M 蛋白对上皮瘤 papulosum cyprini (EPC) 细胞活力的影响。此外，B . 枯草芽孢杆菌孢子能显着减轻鲤鱼春季病毒血症(SVCV)对EPC细胞的氧化损伤，而Protein-M对EPC细胞的氧化损伤无显着影响。在体内，可以在蛋白质-M+ B 中检测到更高水平的特定 IgM 。 subtilis孢子组，与 PBS 中相比，B . 枯草芽孢杆菌和蛋白质 M 组。免疫相关指标包括LZM和AKP的活性以及蛋白-M+ B中C3和C4的含量。 subtilis孢子组被强烈上调。免疫相关基因与免疫相关指标的趋势相同。此外，蛋白质-M+ B的抗氧化能力。 subtilis孢子组也优于 PBS, B。 枯草芽孢杆菌和蛋白质-M 组。最后，在蛋白质-M+ B 中观察到最高的存活率（59.69%）。 subtilis孢子组，而蛋白质-M 组的存活率为 8.89%，而 PBS 和B组的存活率为 0% 。 枯草芽孢杆菌。这项研究表明B . 枯草芽孢杆菌孢子作为佐剂可以增强SVCV亚单位疫苗（SVCV-M蛋白）对鲤鱼的保护功效。