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The evolution of cereal yields in Italy over the last 150 years: The peculiar case of rice
Agronomy Journal ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-06 , DOI: 10.1002/agj2.20710
Luigi Mariani 1, 2 , Aldo Ferrero 3 , Gabriele Cola 1
Affiliation  

This study examined Italian yields for wheat (Triticum spp.), maize (Zea mays L.), and rice (Oryza sativa L.) over the period 1870–2018, in order to identify the periods when the most significant growth in yields occurred, compared to France, United Kingdom, and United States. From 1870 to 2018, yields in Italy increased by 347, 865, and 178% for wheat, maize, and rice, respectively. In wheat and maize, 84 and 95% of the increase, respectively, occurred since the end of World War II. Similar trends can also be observed in France, United Kingdom, and the United States. However the timing is slightly different. For wheat and maize in the United States, rapid yield growth occurred during the 1930s, whereas wheat yield growth occurred in the United Kindom during the 1940s, and in France yield growth occurred after World War II. The significant post-war trend of increasing yields in Italy, which is still going on for wheat, almost stopped for maize about 20 yr ago, probably due to the lack of availability of genetically modified (GM) varieties and related technologies. If the current approach against the adoption of new plant-breeding techniques is maintained, the yield gap between Italy and Europe, as a whole, is likely to widen further. In the case of rice, a significant increase in yields began to occur as early as the end of the 19th century. Between 1895 and 1940 yields in this crop increased by about three times. In the United States, a similar increase in rice yields occurred only after World War II.

中文翻译:

过去 150 年来意大利谷物产量的演变:水稻的特殊情况

本研究调查了意大利小麦 ( Triticum spp.)、玉米 ( Zea mays L.) 和水稻 ( Oryza sativaL.) 在 1870 年至 2018 年期间,以确定与法国、英国和美国相比,收益率增长最显着的时期。从 1870 年到 2018 年,意大利小麦、玉米和水稻的产量分别增加了 347%、865% 和 178%。在小麦和玉米方面,自二战结束以来分别增长了 84% 和 95%。在法国、英国和美国也可以观察到类似的趋势。然而,时间略有不同。美国的小麦和玉米在 1930 年代出现了快速的单产增长,而英国的小麦单产增长发生在 1940 年代,而法国的单产增长发生在二战之后。战后意大利单产增加的显着趋势,小麦仍在继续,大约 20 年前几乎停止用于玉米,可能是由于缺乏转基因 (GM) 品种和相关技术。如果维持目前反对采用新植物育种技术的做法,意大利和欧洲整体的产量差距可能会进一步扩大。就水稻而言,早在 19 世纪末,产量就开始显着增加。从 1895 年到 1940 年,这种作物的产量增加了大约三倍。在美国,类似的水稻产量增长也发生在二战之后。可能会进一步扩大。就水稻而言,早在 19 世纪末,产量就开始显着增加。从 1895 年到 1940 年,这种作物的产量增加了大约三倍。在美国,类似的水稻产量增长也发生在二战之后。可能会进一步扩大。就水稻而言,早在 19 世纪末,产量就开始显着增加。从 1895 年到 1940 年,这种作物的产量增加了大约三倍。在美国,类似的水稻产量增长也发生在二战之后。
更新日期:2021-05-06
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