Though discussion of culture is central in the literature on gender in entrepreneurial settings, prior studies have paid scant attention to the specific impact of cultural norms. We propose that the impact of gender composition in new venture teams (NVTs) on commercialization of social ventures is contingent on the strength of cultural norms of a nation. Our view of gender as a culture-contingent resource reveals ordering mechanisms that distinguish gender effects in culturally tight versus culturally loose societies with respect to commercialization intent and legal form. The empirical analysis of an international sample of 6657 social ventures from 30 countries supports the study hypotheses. The findings show that gender differences in new ventures are more significant in tight societies compared to loose societies.

尽管在企业环境中关于性别的讨论在有关性别的文献中很重要，但先前的研究很少关注文化规范的特定影响。我们建议，新创企业团队中的性别构成对社会企业商业化的影响取决于一个国家文化规范的强弱。我们对性别作为文化特有资源的看法揭示了一种排序机制，该机制区分了文化紧密社会与文化松散社会中在商业化意图和法律形式方面的性别影响。对来自30个国家/地区的6657家社会企业的国际样本进行的经验分析支持了研究假设。研究结果表明，与松散社会相比，在紧密社会中，新企业中的性别差异更为显着。