The selection of pigs for improved production traits has been, for a long time, the major driver of pig breeding. More recently, because of the increasing concern with the environment, new selection criteria have been explored, such as nitrogen (N) excretion. However, many studies indicate that life cycle assessment (LCA) provides much better indicators of environmental impacts than excretion. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate, using a modelling approach, the relationships between production traits and LCA impacts of individual growing pigs calculated at farm gate for one kg of body weight. Performances of pigs were simulated for 2-phase (2P) and precision feeding (PR), using InraPorc population model (on 1,000 pigs). Nitrogen excretion was positively correlated with feed conversion ratio (FCR; r = +0.96), climate change (CC; r = +0.96), acidification potential (AC; r = +0.97), eutrophication potential (EU; r = +0.97), and land occupation (LO; r = +0.96), whatever the feeding program. However, FCR appeared a better indicator of LCA impacts, with very high and positive correlations (r > +0.99) with CC, AC, EU, and LO for both feeding programs. The CC, AC, and EU impacts of pig production for PR feeding were 1.3, 10 and 7.5% lower than for 2P, respectively, but the correlations within each outcome were very similar among feeding programs. It was concluded that the use of FCR as a selection criterion in pig breeding seems a promising approach to associate improved performance and low environmental impact of pig fattening.

中文翻译：

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生长猪的环境影响及其与性能和排泄特性的关系

长期以来，选择具有改善生产特性的猪一直是猪育种的主要动力。最近，由于对环境的日益关注，已经探索了新的选择标准，例如氮（N）的排泄。但是，许多研究表明，生命周期评估（LCA）提供的环境影响指标要比排泄好得多。因此，本研究的目的是使用一种建模方法，研究在农场大门处每公斤体重计算出的个体生长猪的生产性状与LCA影响之间的关系。使用InraPorc种群模型（1,000头猪）模拟了2相（2P）和精确饲喂（PR）猪的性能。氮排泄与饲料转化率（FCR； r = +0.96）呈正相关，气候变化（CC; r = +0.96），酸化潜力（AC; r = +0.97），富营养化潜力（EU; r = +0.97）和土地占用（LO; r = +0.96），无论采用何种喂养计划。但是，FCR似乎是LCA影响的更好指标，两种喂养方案与CC，AC，EU和LO的相关性都很高且呈正相关（r> +0.99）。猪生产对公关喂养的CC，AC和EU影响分别比2P降低1.3、10和7.5％，但是在每个饲喂计划中，每个结局之间的相关性非常相似。结论是，在猪育种中使用FCR作为选择标准似乎是一种有前景的方法，可将猪育肥的性能提高和对环境的低影响联系起来。96），无论喂食程序如何。但是，FCR似乎是LCA影响的更好指标，两种喂养方案与CC，AC，EU和LO的相关性都很高且呈正相关（r> +0.99）。猪生产对公关喂养的CC，AC和EU影响分别比2P降低1.3、10和7.5％，但是在每个饲喂计划中，每个结局之间的相关性非常相似。结论是，在猪育种中使用FCR作为选择标准似乎是一种有前景的方法，可将猪育肥的性能提高和对环境的低影响联系起来。96），无论喂食程序如何。但是，FCR似乎是LCA影响的更好指标，两种喂养方案与CC，AC，EU和LO的相关性都很高且呈正相关（r> +0.99）。猪生产对公关喂养的CC，AC和EU影响分别比2P降低1.3、10和7.5％，但是在每个饲喂计划中，每个结局之间的相关性非常相似。结论是，在猪育种中使用FCR作为选择标准似乎是一种有前景的方法，可将猪育肥的性能提高和对环境的低影响联系起来。与2P相比分别降低了5％，但每个进食方案中各结局之间的相关性非常相似。结论是，在猪育种中使用FCR作为选择标准似乎是一种有前景的方法，可将猪育肥的性能提高和对环境的低影响联系起来。与2P相比分别降低了5％，但每个进食方案中各结局之间的相关性非常相似。结论是，在猪育种中使用FCR作为选择标准似乎是一种有前景的方法，可将猪育肥的性能提高和对环境的低影响联系起来。