Thin film nanocomposite (TFN) polyamide (PA) membranes has drawn increasing attention due to the improved physicochemical properties of the top layer for versatile separation performance. However, the commonly used fabrication approach, lacking a controllable loading of nanofillers, leads to a random and insufficient distribution of nanofillers into the PA layer and generates interfacial defects that deteriorate the membrane performance. Herein, a rational strategy for incorporating metal-organic frameworks (i.e., ZIF-8) into the PA layer via electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was proposed. Driven by an external direct current field, the ZIF-8 nanoparticles were uniformly assembled onto a porous ultrafiltration (UF) substrate for fabrication of high-performance TFN nanofiltration membranes by vacuum-assisted interfacial polymerization (IP). The resultant TFN nanofiltration membrane yielded an enhanced water permeability of 22.4 ± 1.2 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹·bar⁻¹, due to incorporation of ZIF-8 nanoparticles which created extra nano-channels for fast water permeation. Additionally, such an EPD process effectively tailored the membrane surface properties (e.g., zeta potential) and conferred a considerably high rejection for Na₂SO₄ (96.9 ± 0.7%) but a low rejection for NaCl (18.9 ± 2.5%), demonstrating an excellent selectivity between SO₄²⁻ and Cl⁻ ions. This study highlights the impressive efficacy of the EPD process in precisely anchoring nanomaterials to design high-performance TFN nanofiltration membranes for target separations.

薄膜纳米复合材料（TFN）聚酰胺（PA）膜由于顶层具有更好的理化特性而具有广泛的分离性能，因此受到越来越多的关注。然而，缺乏纳米填料的可控负载的常用制造方法导致纳米填料在PA层中的随机分布和分布不足，并产生使膜性能下降的界面缺陷。在此，提出了一种通过电泳沉积（EPD）将金属有机骨架（即ZIF-8）掺入PA层的合理策略。在外部直流电场的驱动下，ZIF-8纳米粒子被均匀地组装到多孔超滤（UF）基板上，以通过真空辅助界面聚合（IP）来制造高性能TFN纳滤膜。⁻² ·h ^-1 ·bar ^-1，这是因为掺入了ZIF-8纳米颗粒，从而形成了额外的纳米通道以实现快速的水渗透。此外，这种EPD工艺可以有效地调整膜的表面性能（例如zeta电位），并具有相当高的Na ₂ SO ₄截留率（96.9±0.7％），而对NaCl的截留率低（18.9±2.5％），表明了SO之间极好的选择性₄ ^2-和Cl ^-离子。这项研究强调了EPD工艺在精确锚定纳米材料以设计用于目标分离的高性能TFN纳滤膜方面的惊人效果。