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Biochar application rate does not improve plant water availability in soybean under drought stress
Agricultural Water Management ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106940
M.A. Mannan , Shamim Mia , Eshita Halder , Feike A. Dijkstra

Biochar, a form of porous pyrogenic carbon, has been shown to influence soil physicochemical properties and increase crop yield. However, it is unclear whether biochar application at different rates will improve crop performance in a clay soil under drought conditions through increasing plant water uptake. Here, we examined performance of soybean after amendment with biochar (pyrolysed at ~400 °C for 5 h) at four application rates (0, 25, 50 and 100 t ha−1) and grown under three moisture regimes (40%, 60% and 80% of field capacity). The instantaneous plant water content was determined periodically by recording relative water content, water retention capacity, and water uptake capacity in leaves while the cumulative water stress and water use efficiency (WUE) were determined from aboveground δ13C signatures and amount of water applied, respectively. The yield and yield attributes were also recorded. Results showed that across all drought treatments, biochar application significantly enhanced crop growth rate and increased total biomass production with a doubling in yield in the 100 t ha−1 biochar application. However, the seed yield did not increase with biochar application. Although biochar application improved WUE (biomass produced per unit of water applied), it most likely did not improve plant water uptake, since none of the measured plant water status indicators were affected by biochar. Instead, the enhanced biomass production may have been caused by an improvement in plant nutrition. Possibly, biochar application increased N acquisition through biological nitrogen fixation as there was a significant relationship between nitrogen (N) concentration in aboveground biomass and total biomass production. Moreover, application of biochar increased soil available potassium (K), and enhanced K uptake may have increased stress tolerance in soybean. Therefore, our findings show that biochar could improve plant performance in a clay soil by improving nutrient supply rather than by increasing water uptake.



中文翻译:

干旱胁迫下生物炭的施用量不能改善大豆的植物水分利用率

生物炭是一种多孔的热解碳,已被证明可以影响土壤的理化性质并增加农作物的产量。但是,尚不清楚以不同比例施用生物炭是否会通过增加植物对水的吸收来改善干旱条件下粘土土壤中的农作物性能。在这里,我们研究了在4种施用量(0、25、50和100 t ha -1)下用生物炭(在约400°C的温度下热解5 h )和在三种水分含量(40%,60和60%)下生长的生物炭改良后的大豆性能。%和80%的现场容量)。瞬时植物水含量通过记录相对含水量,保水能力,和水吸收能力,叶片周期性地确定,而累积的水分胁迫和水分利用效率(WUE)是从地上δ确定13C签名和施加的水量分别。还记录了产量和产量属性。结果表明,在所有干旱处理中,施用生物炭可显着提高作物生长速度,并增加总生物量产量,在100 t ha -1下产量增加一倍生物炭的应用。然而,随着生物炭的施用,种子产量没有增加。尽管生物炭的施用提高了WUE(每单位水产生的生物量),但很可能没有改善植物的吸水率,因为没有测量的植物水分状况指标受到生物炭的影响。相反,增加的生物量产量可能是由于植物营养的改善而引起的。可能地,生物炭的施用通过生物固氮增加了氮的吸收,因为地上生物量中的氮(N)浓度与总生物量产量之间存在显着的关系。此外,生物炭的施用增加了土壤中的有效钾(K),并增加了钾的吸收,可能增加了大豆的胁迫耐受性。所以,

更新日期:2021-05-06
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