Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate which critical success factors (CSFs) influence interaction on campuses as identified by the facility directors (FDs) of Dutch university campuses and to discuss how these compare with the literature.

Design/methodology/approach

All 13 Dutch university campus FDs were interviewed (office and walking interview), focussing on CSFs relating to spaces and services that facilitate interaction. Open coding and thematic analysis resulted in empirically driven categories indicated by the respondents. Similarities and differences between the CSFs as previously identified in the literature are discussed.

Findings

The following categories emerged: constraints, motivators, designing spaces, designing services, building community and creating coherence. The campus is seen as a system containing subsystems and is itself part of a wider system (environment), forming a layered structure. Constraints and motivators are part of the environment but cannot be separated from the other four categories, as they influence their applicability.

Research limitations/implications

This study was limited to interviews with FDs and related staff. The richness of the findings shows that this was a relevant and efficient data collection strategy for the purpose of this study.

Practical implications

By viewing the campus as an open system, this study puts the practical applicability of CSFs into perspective yet provides a clear overview of CSFs related to campus interaction that may be included in future campus design policies.

Social implications

This (more) complete overview of CSFs identified in both literature and practice will help FDs, policymakers and campus designers to apply these CSFs in their campus designs. This improved campus design would increase the number of knowledge sharing interactions, contributing to innovation and valorisation. This could create a significant impact in all research fields, such as health, technology or well-being, benefitting society as a whole.

Originality/value

This study provides a comprehensive overview and comparison of CSFs from both literature and practice, allowing more effective application of CSFs in campus design policies. A framework for future studies on CSFs for interaction on campuses is provided.

中文翻译：

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促进校园互动——大学设施主管认为成功的关键因素

目的

本文的目的是调查荷兰大学校园设施主管 (FD) 确定的哪些关键成功因素 (CSF) 会影响校园互动，并讨论这些因素与文献的比较。

设计/方法/方法

所有 13 名荷兰大学校园 FD 都接受了采访（办公室和步行采访），重点关注与促进互动的空间和服务相关的 CSF。开放编码和主题分析导致了受访者指出的经验驱动的类别。讨论了先前在文献中确定的 CSF 之间的异同。

发现

出现了以下类别：约束、激励因素、设计空间、设计服务、建立社区和创造连贯性。校园被视为一个包含子系统的系统，它本身是一个更广泛的系统（环境）的一部分，形成了一个分层结构。约束和激励因素是环境的一部分，但不能与其他四类分开，因为它们影响它们的适用性。

研究限制/影响

这项研究仅限于对 FD 和相关工作人员的采访。研究结果的丰富性表明，对于本研究而言，这是一种相关且有效的数据收集策略。

实际影响

通过将校园视为一个开放系统，本研究将 CSF 的实际适用性置于透视之中，同时提供了与校园互动相关的 CSF 的清晰概述，这些 CSF 可能包含在未来的校园设计政策中。

社会影响

这个（更）完整的文献和实践中确定的 CSF 概述将帮助 FD、政策制定者和校园设计师将这些 CSF 应用到他们的校园设计中。这种改进的校园设计将增加知识共享互动的数量，促进创新和价值。这可能会对健康、技术或福祉等所有研究领域产生重大影响，从而造福整个社会。

原创性/价值

本研究从文献和实践中对 CSF 进行了全面概述和比较，从而可以更有效地将 CSF 应用于校园设计政策。为未来校园互动的 CSF 研究提供了一个框架。