ABSTRACT

India's textile industry is among the largest in the world and contributes significantly to India's GDP and economic growth. As the second largest total exporter globally after China with more than 45 million workers, India's textile industry has long been the subject of criticism concerning labour exploitation and environmental damage. Since 2016, nevertheless, Narendra Modi's government has started to take a different yet somewhat perplexing approach to introducing and environmentally friendlier and more sustainable direction in its textile industry. This article aims to comprehend the reasons behind India's new policy arguing that—despite such changes—environmental sustainability has not become India's full concern in the textile sector at the moment. Such a shift was part of India's international market expansion strategy towards the European Union market which had imposed non—tariff import restrictions on India's textile products. This article also shows contradictions and tensions in the government's eco—friendly textile policy concerning its high production costs and India's yet dependence on conventional production systems.

摘要

印度的纺织工业是世界上最大的纺织工业之一，对印度的 GDP 和经济增长做出了重大贡献。作为拥有超过 4500 万工人的全球第二大出口国，印度的纺织业长期以来一直是劳动力剥削和环境破坏的批评对象。然而，自 2016 年以来，纳伦德拉·莫迪 (Narendra Modi) 政府开始采取不同但有些令人困惑的方法，在其纺织行业引入更环保、更可持续的方向。本文旨在理解印度新政策背后的原因，即尽管发生了这样的变化，但目前环境可持续性并未成为印度纺织业的全部关注点。这种转变是印度的一部分 对欧盟市场实施国际市场扩张战略，对印度纺织产品实施非关税进口限制。本文还展示了政府生态友好型纺织政策中的矛盾和紧张局势，即高昂的生产成本和印度对传统生产系统的依赖。