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Blast enhancement from metalized explosives
Shock Waves ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-05 , DOI: 10.1007/s00193-021-00994-z
Q. Pontalier , J. Loiseau , S. Goroshin , F. Zhang , D. L. Frost

Experiments are carried out to determine the effects of particle size and mass loading on the free-field blast wave from spherical, constant volume metalized explosive charges. The charges are comprised of gelled nitromethane with uniformly embedded aluminum, magnesium, or glass particles. Particle sizes are varied over an order of magnitude with particle mass fractions up to 50%. Peak blast overpressures are directly measured within the fireball with piezoelectric pressure gauges and outside the fireball are inferred by tracking the velocity of the blast wave and using the Rankine–Hugoniot relation. With the addition of inert particles, the peak blast overpressure is initially mitigated, but then recovers in the far field. For charges with reactive particles, the particles react promptly with oxidizers in the detonation products and release energy as early as within the first few hundred microseconds in all cases. The particle energy release enhances the peak blast overpressures in the far field by up to twice the values for a constant volume charge of the baseline homogenous explosive. By plotting the peak blast overpressure decay as a function of energy-scaled distance, it is inferred that at least half of the particle energy release contributes to the blast overpressure in the far field of higher mass loadings, and nearly all of the particle energy for a particle mass fraction of 10%. For aluminum, the blast augmentation is not a systematic function of particle size. This observation implies that conventional models for particle combustion that depend on particle surface area are not appropriate for describing the rapid aluminum reaction that occurs in the extreme conditions within the detonation products, which influences the blast wave propagation.



中文翻译:

金属炸药的爆炸增强

进行实验以确定颗粒大小和质量负荷对球形,等体积金属化炸药的自由场冲击波的影响。装料由凝胶状的硝基甲烷和均匀嵌入的铝,镁或玻璃颗粒组成。粒度在一个数量级上变化,颗粒质量分数高达50%。峰值爆炸超压是用压电压力表直接在火球内部测量的,而火球外部则是通过跟踪爆炸波的速度并利用兰金-休格尼奥特关系来推断的。通过添加惰性颗粒,爆炸峰值超压最初得到缓解,但随后在远场中恢复。对于带有反应性粒子的电荷,在所有情况下,粒子都会与爆炸产物中的氧化剂迅速反应,并在最初的几百微秒内释放能量。粒子能量的释放使远场中的峰值爆炸超压提高了两倍,这是基线均质炸药恒定体积装药的值的两倍。通过绘制峰值爆炸超压衰减与能量标度距离的函数关系图,可以推断出,至少有一半的粒子能量释放在较高质量载荷的远场中有助于爆炸超压,而几乎所有的粒子能量颗粒质量分数为10%。对于铝,爆炸增强不是粒径的系统函数。

更新日期:2021-05-05
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