The present work focuses on the aerodynamic problems resulting from a high-speed train (HST) passing through a tunnel. Numerical simulations were employed to obtain the numerical results, and they were verified by a moving-model test. Two responses, ${\Delta C}_p$ (coefficient of the peak-to-peak pressure of a single fluctuation) and${ P}_{\mathit{mpw}}$ (pressure value of micro-pressure wave), were studied with regard to the three building parameters of the portal-hat buffer structure of the tunnel entrance and exit. The MOPSO (multi-objective particle swarm optimization) method was employed to solve the optimization problem in order to find the minimum ${\Delta C}_p$ and${ P}_{\mathit{mpw}}$. Results showed that the effects of the three design parameters on ${\Delta C}_p$ were not monotonous, and the influences of$\alpha$ (the oblique angle of the portal) and $h$ (the height of the hat structure) were more significant than that of$\mathrm{ }\beta$ (the angle between the vertical line of the portal and the hat). Monotonically decreasing responses were found in ${ P}_{\mathit{mpw}}$ for $\alpha$ and$\mathrm{ }\beta$. The Pareto front of ${\Delta C}_p$ and${ P}_{\mathit{mpw}}$was obtained. The ideal single-objective optimums for each response located at the ends of the Pareto front had values of 1.0560 for ${\Delta C}_p$ and 101.8 Pa for${ P}_{\mathit{mpw}}$.

目前的工作集中在高速列车（HST）穿过隧道而引起的空气动力学问题上。通过数值模拟获得数值结果，并通过运动模型测试对其进行了验证。两个回应，${\Delta C}_p$ （单个波动的峰峰值压力系数）和${ P}_{\mathit{mpw}}$针对隧道入口和出口的门形帽形缓冲结构的三个建筑参数，研究了微压力波的压力值（微压力波的压力值）。为了找到最小点，采用了MOPSO（多目标粒子群优化）方法来解决优化问题。${\Delta C}_p$ 和${ P}_{\mathit{mpw}}$。结果表明，这三个设计参数对${\Delta C}_p$ 不是单调的，而$\alpha$ （门的倾斜角度）和 $H$ （帽子结构的高度）比$\mathrm{ }\beta$（门的垂直线和帽子之间的角度）。在中发现单调递减的响应${ P}_{\mathit{mpw}}$ 为了 $\alpha$ 和$\mathrm{ }\beta$。帕累托的前面${\Delta C}_p$ 和${ P}_{\mathit{mpw}}$获得了。位于帕累托前沿末端的每个响应的理想单目标最优值为1.0560。${\Delta C}_p$ 和101.8 Pa${ P}_{\mathit{mpw}}$。