Base on the analysis of the coaxial coupling theory, the experimental model of the coaxial cable short-range coupling lightning electromagnetic pulse is established to study the problem of coaxial cable short-range coupling lightning electromagnetic pulse on the ship mast and high tower. The combination wave generator is used to simulate the 8/20 μs lightning current waveform, and the metal bar with the length of 1 m and diameter of 0.016 m is used to simulate the lightning channel as the radiation source. The length of the coaxial cable and the distance from the radiation source are changed for the test. The conclusion is as follows: when the coaxial cable is coupled with lightning wave in a short distance, the voltage waveform of cable terminal is still double exponential wave, with strong damping oscillation at 0.1 ∼0.4 μs. When the cable terminal is open circuit or connected with matching resistance, the rising time is shorter, about 1 μs; when the cable terminal shielding layer is grounded, the rising time is longer, about 10 μs. The peak voltage and energy coupled to the coaxial cable at short distance are positively correlated with the cable length, and inversely correlated with the distance from the radiation source. The energy that the cable is coupled to mainly comes from the low-frequency part, and there are multiple energy peaks below 100 Hz. Using fitting curve and experimental data, when the coaxial cable terminal is open circuit, the lightning current reaches 30 kA, the cable length is 30 m, and the distance from the lightning channel is 0.15 m, the peak value of the voltage coupled to the cable terminal is 66 V. It has certain guiding significance and value in the practical application of electromagnetic pulse protection.

中文翻译：

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平行于雷电流通道的同轴线耦合特性分析

在对同轴耦合理论进行分析的基础上，建立了同轴电缆短程耦合雷电电磁脉冲的实验模型，研究了同轴电缆短程耦合雷电电磁脉冲对船桅和高塔的影响。组合波发生器用于模拟8/20μs的雷电流波形，长度为1 m，直径为0.016 m的金属棒用于模拟雷电通道作为辐射源。为了测试，更改了同轴电缆的长度和与辐射源的距离。结论如下：当同轴电缆短距离与雷电耦合时，电缆端子的电压波形仍为双指数波，阻尼振荡在0.1〜0.4μs内。当电缆端子开路或连接有匹配电阻时，上升时间较短，大约为1μs。当电缆端子屏蔽层接地时，上升时间较长，约为10μs。在短距离处耦合到同轴电缆的峰值电压和能量与电缆长度成正相关，与与辐射源的距离成反相关。电缆耦合的能量主要来自低频部分，并且在100 Hz以下有多个能量峰。使用拟合曲线和实验数据，当同轴电缆端子开路时，雷电流达到30 kA，电缆长度为30 m，距雷电通道的距离为0.15 m，耦合到电压的峰值电缆端子为66 V.