The question of how learners’ motivation influences their academic achievement and vice versa has been the subject of intensive research due to its theoretical relevance and important implications for the field of education. Here, we present our understanding of how influential theories of academic motivation have conceptualized reciprocal interactions between motivation and achievement and the kinds of evidence that support this reciprocity. While the reciprocal nature of the relationship between motivation and academic achievement has been established in the literature, further insights into several features of this relationship are still lacking. We therefore present a research agenda where we identify theoretical and methodological challenges that could inspire further understanding of the reciprocal relationship between motivation and achievement as well as inform future interventions. Specifically, the research agenda includes the recommendation that future research considers (1) multiple motivation constructs, (2) behavioral mediators, (3) a network approach, (4) alignment of intervals of measurement and the short vs. long time scales of motivation constructs, (5) designs that meet the criteria for making causal, reciprocal inferences, (6) appropriate statistical models, (7) alternatives to self-reports, (8) different ways of measuring achievement, and (9) generalizability of the reciprocal relations to various developmental, ethnic, and sociocultural groups.

学习者的动机如何影响他们的学习成绩，反之亦然的问题由于其理论意义和对教育领域的重要意义而成为了深入研究的主题。在这里，我们介绍我们对有影响力的学术动机理论如何将动机和成就之间的相互影响以及支持这种互惠的证据种类概念化的理解。尽管在文献中已经确定了动机与学业成就之间的相互关系，但仍缺乏对这种关系的几个特征的深入了解。因此，我们提出了一个研究议程，其中我们确定了理论和方法上的挑战，这些挑战可以激发人们对动机与成就之间相互关系的进一步理解，并为未来的干预提供依据。具体而言，研究议程包括有关未来研究应考虑的建议：（1）多种动机构造；（2）行为中介者；（3）网络方法；（4）测量间隔与短期和长期动机的尺度对齐构造，（5）符合做出因果，对等推断标准的设计，（6）适当的统计模型，（7）自我报告的替代方案，（8）衡量成就的不同方式和（9）对等的普遍性与各种发展，种族和社会文化群体的关系。