1. The illegal sale of endangered elasmobranchs has been recorded in a number of different Brazilian states, where sharks and rays are being marketed primarily as ‘cação’ or ‘viola’. Brazil is ranked among the top 10 nations worldwide that harvest most sharks, causing an immeasurable impact on the local elasmobranch populations.
2. The present study applied the DNA barcoding technique, based on the cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene, for the molecular identification of the elasmobranch species sold as processed products under the generic names of ‘cação’, ‘mangona’, ‘azul’, ‘cambeva’, ‘fiuso’ and ‘lombo preto’, in the fish market of the city of Florianópolis, capital of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil.
3. Nine elasmobranch species were identified in the 56 samples analysed, including six sharks and three rays, representing six families, the Carcharhinidae, Sphyrnidae, Squatinidae, Arhynchobatidae, Myliobatidae and Gymnuridae. Prionace glauca, identified in more than half (56%) of the samples analysed, is listed as Near Threatened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature.
4. Six species identified in the present study, Sphyrna zygaena, Sphyrna lewini, Squatina guggenheim, Carcharhinus signatus, Gymnura altavela and Rioraja agassizii, are under some level of risk of extinction, while two others (Rhizoprionodon lalandii and Myliobatis goodei) are listed as Data Deficient.
5. Our results indicate that the commercial exploitation of endemic sharks and rays at risk of extinction is commonplace in southern Brazil. This reinforces the need for more systematic monitoring of the trade in fishery products and more effective application of the environmental legislation and conservation programmes.

中文翻译：

---

保护的黑暗中的一枪：巴西南部一个公共鱼市上地方性和受威胁的弹鳃物种非法贸易的证据

1. 巴西许多不同的州都记录了濒临灭绝的软骨鱼的非法销售，在这些州，鲨鱼和鳐鱼主要以“cação”或“viola”的名义进行销售。巴西是全球捕捞鲨鱼最多的前 10 个国家之一，对当地的弹鳃类动物造成了不可估量的影响。
2. 本研究应用基于细胞色素 C 氧化酶亚基 I 基因的 DNA 条形码技术，对以“cação”、“mangona”、“azul”、“cambeva”等通用名称作为加工产品出售的韧皮科物种进行分子鉴定。 '、'fiuso' 和'lombo preto'，在巴西圣卡塔琳娜州首府弗洛里亚诺波利斯市的鱼市。
3. 在分析的 56 个样本中确定了 9 种弹鳃类动物，包括 6 条鲨鱼和 3 条鳐鱼，代表 6 个科，即真鲨科、鲨科、鲨科、鲟科、鲨科和裸鳐科。在所分析的样本中，有一半以上 (56%) 被鉴定出Prionace glauca，被国际自然保护联盟列为近危。
4. 六个品种在本研究中发现，Sphyrna zygaena，Sphyrna lewini，Squatina古根海姆博物馆，真鲨signatus，Gymnura altavela和Rioraja agassizii，正在面临灭绝的风险一定程度上，另外两个（Rhizoprionodon lalandii和Myliobatis goodei）被列为数据缺乏.
5. 我们的研究结果表明，在巴西南部，对濒临灭绝的地方性鲨鱼和鳐鱼进行商业开发是司空见惯的。这加强了对渔业产品贸易进行更系统监测以及更有效地应用环境立法和保护计划的必要性。