In the current study, the concentration of heavy metals (Ba, Mn, Pb, and Cd) in drinking water resources of 328 villages in Hamadan Province were measured using ICP-OES apparatus during two dry (September 2018) and wet (April 2019) seasons. The assessment of the non-carcinogenic risk of selected heavy metals was conducted based on the recommendations of the USEPA. Also, sensitivity analysis and uncertainty of the effective variables were performed using Monte-Carlo simulations. Based on the results, Mn level in drinking water samples ranged 0.08–25.63 μg/L and 0.08–20.03 μg/L in dry and wet seasons, respectively. Similarly, Ba levels in water samples ranged 0.15–70.13 μg/L and 0.84–65 μg/L. Also, Cd and Pb concentrations in all sampling sites were below the limits of detection (LOD) of the ICP-OES apparatus. The hazard index (HI) values for adult and children were 2.17 × 10⁻³ and 3.29 × 10⁻³, respectively, which show a lack of non-carcinogenic risk for the examined heavy metals (Mn and Ba) to the local inhabitants. The results of the sensitivity analyses for adults and children revealed that two variables including metal concentration and ingestion rate of drinking water (IR) had the highest positive effects on the non-carcinogenic risk estimates. It was also found that there was no significant non-carcinogenic risk for the local residents in the studied area due to drinking water consumption.

在目前的研究中，使用 ICP-OES 仪器测量了哈马丹省 328 个村庄饮用水资源中的重金属（Ba、Mn、Pb 和 Cd）浓度，在两个干燥（2018 年 9 月）和潮湿（2019 年 4 月）期间季节。根据美国环保署的建议，对选定重金属的非致癌风险进行了评估。此外，使用蒙特卡洛模拟进行了有效变量的敏感性分析和不确定性。根据结果​​，饮用水样品中锰含量在旱季和雨季分别为 0.08-25.63 μg/L 和 0.08-20.03 μg/L。同样，水样中的 Ba 含量范围为 0.15-70.13 μg/L 和 0.84-65 μg/L。此外，所有采样点的 Cd 和 Pb 浓度均低于 ICP-OES 设备的检测限 (LOD)。^-3和 3.29 × 10 ^-3分别表明所检测的重金属（Mn 和 Ba）对当地居民没有非致癌风险。成人和儿童的敏感性分析结果显示，金属浓度和饮用水摄入率（IR）这两个变量对非致癌风险估计的积极影响最大。研究还发现，研究区域的当地居民因饮用饮用水而没有显着的非致癌风险。