Fully recognize various problems in the observed magnetotelluric (MT) data is the precondition of inverse solutions. In the paper, according to the geomorphological conditions of the observational MT stations in the Guangxi area, we constructed several different kinds of models to conduct a three-dimensional forward simulation of the MT field using the vector finite element method (FEM). First, the variation rule and differences of apparent resistivity ρ_xy and ρ_yx in the xy and yx modes were studied and analyzed, and then the geoelectric information reflected by the change of apparent resistivity ρ_xx and ρ_yy were discussed. Final, the responses of typical geological structures that cause a static shift problem were presented. The synthetic examples showed that ρ_xy and ρ_yx were relevant to the layout of the survey line, for instance, ρ_xy had different values along the west-east profile compared with that of the south-north profile, Moreover, ρ_xx and ρ_yy could subtly show the abnormal body-host rock interface, which could be used to restrict the anomalous domain in the inversion process. In addition to the scale and depth of the top surface of the anomalous body, the widespread rivers and hills, can simulate static shift. Hence, to reduce the influence of static shift on MT data, a reasonable distance between a station and rivers or hills should be considered in accordance with the scale of rivers or hills.

充分认识到观测到的大地电磁（MT）数据中的各种问题是逆解的前提。在本文中，根据广西地区观测MT站的地貌条件，我们构造了几种不同的模型，使用矢量有限元方法（FEM）对MT场进行了三维正演模拟。首先，变化规律和视电阻率的差异ρ _XY和ρ _YX中进行了研究在xy和YX模式和分析，然后通过视电阻率的变化反映了地电信息ρ _XX和ρ _YY进行了讨论。最后，介绍了引起静态位移问题的典型地质构造的响应。合成实例表明，ρ _XY和ρ _YX是相关的测线的布局，例如，ρ _XY曾与该南北轮廓相比沿东西向剖面不同的值，此外，ρ _XX和ρ _y可以巧妙地显示出异常的主体－主体岩石界面，该界面可用于限制反演过程中的异常区域。除了异常体顶表面的规模和深度外，广泛的河流和丘陵还可以模拟静态位移。因此，为了减少静态偏移对MT数据的影响，应根据河流或丘陵的规模，考虑到站点与河流或丘陵之间的合理距离。