Effective assessments of the current status of biodiversity conservation are needed to support planning, policy and action, from local to global levels. Of particular use would be well documented, reproducible methods based on openly accessible data and tools. Such methods should provide an accurate estimate of the state of conservation of diversity, identifying gaps in current conservation systems, while providing a benchmark against which to measure success, including determining when conservation goals have been met. Here we introduce GapAnalysis, an open source R package developed to support the assessment of the state of conservation of taxa, both ex situ (in genebanks, botanic gardens and other repositories) and in situ (in protected natural areas). The eco-geographic variation maintained in conservation repositories and that present within protected natural areas is compared with the full extent of eco-geographic variation predicted within species' native ranges. Eco-geographic conservation gaps are identified, and taxa are then prioritized for further action. The package enables users to quickly determine conservation status, gaps and priorities for as few as one to as many as thousands of taxa, for any wild flora or fauna for which occurrence data and species distribution models are available. To demonstrate the use of GapAnalysis, we provide case studies for wild plant taxa in the genera Capsicum L. and Cucurbita L, with an accompanying online R tutorial for three of the Cucurbita species.

中文翻译：

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GapAnalysis：使用空间信息计算保护指标的 R 包

需要对生物多样性保护的现状进行有效评估，以支持从地方到全球各级的规划、政策和行动。特别有用的是基于可公开访问的数据和工具的有据可查的、可重复的方法。此类方法应提供对多样性保护状态的准确估计，确定当前保护系统中的差距，同时提供衡量成功的基准，包括确定何时达到保护目标。在这里，我们介绍 GapAnalysis，这是一个开源 R 包，旨在支持对非原生境（在基因库、植物园和其他存储库中）和就地（在受保护的自然区域）分类群保护状态的评估。将保护库中和受保护自然区域内的生态地理变异与物种原生范围内预测的生态地理变异的全部范围进行比较。确定生态地理保护差距，然后优先考虑分类群以采取进一步行动。该软件包使用户能够快速确定少至多达数千个分类群的保护状态、差距和优先级，适用于任何有发生数据和物种分布模型可用的野生动植物群。为了演示 GapAnalysis 的使用，我们提供了该属中野生植物分类群的案例研究 然后优先考虑分类群以采取进一步行动。该软件包使用户能够快速确定少至多达数千个分类群的保护状态、差距和优先级，适用于任何有发生数据和物种分布模型可用的野生动植物群。为了演示 GapAnalysis 的使用，我们提供了该属中野生植物分类群的案例研究 然后优先考虑分类群以采取进一步行动。该软件包使用户能够快速确定少至多达数千个分类群的保护状态、差距和优先级，适用于任何有发生数据和物种分布模型可用的野生动植物群。为了演示 GapAnalysis 的使用，我们提供了该属中野生植物分类群的案例研究Capsicum L. 和Cucurbita L，附带针对三种葫芦科植物的在线 R 教程。