We find evidence that being a foreigner decreases the chances of surviving (i.e., keeping the license) on the first season on the PGA TOUR. This phenomenon does not affect all foreigners equally—it is present amongst the non-elite group (those playing the second-tier tour), but we found no evidence amongst the elite group (those playing the first-tier tour). We discover that the international experience acquired by foreigners in other circuits prior to their arrival on the PGA TOUR mitigates this disadvantage. Not keeping the card has hazardous financial consequences for both the golfer and the corporations whose products he endorses.

中文翻译：

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外国人在全球劳动力市场上处于不利地位吗？

我们发现有证据表明，作为外国人会减少在PGA TOUR的第一个赛季生存的机会（即，保持执照）。这种现象并没有平等地影响所有外国人，它出现在非精英群体（进行第二层旅行的人）中，但是我们没有发现在精英群体（进行第一层旅行的人）中的证据。我们发现，外国人在参加PGA TOUR之前在其他巡回赛中获得的国际经验减轻了这一不利条件。对高尔夫球手和他认可其产品的公司而言，不持有该卡将对财务造成危险的后果。