The COVID-19 outbreak strongly restricted daily activities, creating a risk factor for negative affect and depression. This study assessed the immediate effects of a behavioural activation (BA) intervention on positive (PA) and negative (NA) state affect. We expected depression and anxiety to function as moderators reducing the intervention effects. In a quasi-experimental online study, 3624 German-speaking participants evaluated a list of rewarding activities between 9 April and 26 April 2020. A subsample of 2561 (71%) additionally engaged in an imagination task. Depression, anxiety, socioeconomic variables and COVID-19 related burdens were assessed as moderators. There was an increase in PA (total sample d = .13; subsample: d = .27) and a decrease in NA (total sample d = −0.68; subsample: d = −0.71; all p < .001). The effects rose with higher levels of depression and anxiety (all p < .001). Furthermore, living with family enhanced the effects on NA, while additionally having to take care of children reduced them. An easy-to-use intervention prompting BA could improve state mood during lockdown. Participants with higher depression and anxiety benefit more. Implications for the prevention of mental health problems during a pandemic are discussed.

中文翻译：

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在 COVID-19 锁定期间选择和想象有益的活动：对情绪的影响以及缓和情绪的因素

COVID-19 爆发严重限制了日常活动，造成了负面影响和抑郁的风险因素。本研究评估了行为激活 (BA) 干预对积极 (PA) 和消极 (NA) 状态影响的直接影响。我们预计抑郁和焦虑会起到调节作用，降低干预效果。在一项准实验性在线研究中，3624 名讲德语的参与者评估了 2020 年 4 月 9 日至 4 月 26 日期间的一系列奖励活动。2561 名（71%）的子样本还参与了一项想象任务。抑郁、焦虑、社会经济变量和 COVID-19 相关负担被评估为调节因素。PA 增加（总样本d  = .13；子样本：d  = .27）和 NA 减少（总样本d = -0.68；子样本：d  = -0.71；所有p  < .001)。随着抑郁和焦虑程度的增加，效果也随之增加（所有p  < .001）。此外，与家人同住增强了对 NA 的影响，而另外必须照顾孩子则减少了这种影响。一个易于使用的提示 BA 的干预可以改善锁定期间的状态情绪。抑郁和焦虑程度较高的参与者受益更多。讨论了在大流行期间预防心理健康问题的影响。