This literature review was aimed at analyzing whether stallion husbandry in groups is possible and desirable or poses risks. This was determined on the basis of different studies in order to be able to give practical recommendations from the viewpoint of animal welfare. Consequently, 50 different sources were analyzed, as well as observations of an experiment of the Swiss National Stud on the subject of change from single-stallion to group husbandry and its influence on animal welfare. The results revealed that stallion husbandry in groups is possible but still rarely practiced. It was found that 6% of stallions in 2003, more than 11% in 2012, and nearly 23% of the stallions in 2015 were kept in groups. Furthermore, studies showed that the still widespread individual husbandry of stallions has a negative impact on psyche and body health. Almost half of all stallions showed undesirable patterns of behavior, mostly stallions in individual housing. In addition, many of the latter stallions had problems with their respiratory, digestive, and musculoskeletal systems, which improved when the husbandry conditions of the horses were changed, with the exception of the problems with the digestive system. Conversion into group husbandry is possible, as revealed by an experiment by the Swiss National Stud with a socialization of active breeding stallions outside the breeding season. Therefore, the widespread fear of serious injuries for stallions housed in groups was refuted and the aggressive behavior of the stallions decreased rapidly. Success rates for group husbandry are influenced by the individual character of the stallion, previous experience of the stallion, changes in the group, qualification and management of the farm, and organization of the group housing and husbandry system. This enables species-appropriate husbandry in groups while also considering animal welfare without stress, disadvantages, and serious injuries for stallions.

中文翻译：

---

将公马分组—与动物福利适当或相关的物种？

这篇文献综述旨在分析成群饲养公马是可能的，可取的还是带来风险的。这是根据不同的研究确定的，以便能够从动物福利的角度给出实用的建议。因此，分析了50种不同的来源，以及对瑞士国家种马进行的实验的观察，该实验涉及从种马到集体饲养的转变及其对动物福利的影响。结果表明，有可能成群饲养公马，但仍很少进行。结果发现，2003年有6％的种马，2012年超过11％的种马以及2015年有近23％的种马被分组饲养。此外，研究表明，仍广泛分布的种马个体饲养对心理和身体健康有负面影响。所有种马中几乎有一半表现出不良的行为模式，其中大多数是个体住房中的种马。此外，后面的许多种马的呼吸系统，消化系统和肌肉骨骼系统都有问题，当改变马的饲养条件时，这种状况会有所改善，但消化系统有问题。瑞士国家种马进行的一项实验表明，在繁殖季节以外将活跃的种马进行社交化是有可能转变为集体饲养的。因此，消除了人们普遍担心成群饲养的公马受到严重伤害的担忧，并且公马的侵略行为迅速下降。小组饲养的成功率受种马的个性，种马以前的经历，小组的变化，农场的资格和管理，以及团体住房和饲养系统的组织。这使得可以进行适合种群的饲养，同时也考虑了动物的福利，而没有压力，不利条件和种马的严重伤害。