Seven decades have passed since the Schumann resonances (SRs) were identified. Since then, their research interest has increased, currently being a topic of significance. Nonetheless, the papers that study their nature from the frequency perspective are in clear majority regarding those who focus on the time domain. To fill this gap in the literature and further characterize the SRs, a method to perform statistical analysis on the SRs signal in the time domain has been developed. For any given segment of data, the analysis performs a maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of the statistical parameters from a group of previously selected distributions. After that, the best fit among the target distributions is selected through the application of Akaike information criterion (AIC). The method is tested by analyzing a month’s worth of data, showing the general analysis’ results and discussing the relationship between the chosen target distributions and common aspects between the time segments fitted to them. The reliability of the method’s results is also discussed by looking at different aspects of the analysis. Special emphasis is put over the results being correlated with lightning activity. This correlation highlights the usefulness of the method, given the well-established relationship between lightning and SRs.

中文翻译：

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一种分析舒曼共振的新方法：一种统计方法

自从确定舒曼共振（SR）以来已经过去了七十年。从那时起，他们的研究兴趣增加了，目前已成为一个重要的话题。尽管如此，对于那些关注时域的人来说，从频率角度研究其性质的论文显然占绝大多数。为了填补文献中的空白并进一步表征SR，已经开发了一种在时域中对SR信号进行统计分析的方法。对于任何给定的数据段，分析都会从一组先前选择的分布中执行统计参数的最大似然估计（MLE）。之后，通过应用Akaike信息标准（AIC）选择目标分布之间的最佳拟合。通过分析一个月的数据来测试该方法，显示一般分析的结果，并讨论所选目标分布与适合它们的时间段之间的共同方面之间的关系。通过分析分析的不同方面，还讨论了该方法结果的可靠性。特别强调与闪电活动相关的结果。鉴于雷电和SR之间已建立的良好关系，这种相关性凸显了该方法的实用性。