Abstract

This paper stresses the importance of shark fisheries at the site of Gramalote, an early Initial Period (1500–1200/1100 cal BC) fishing settlement, which has yielded the largest amount of shark remains ever reported along the coast of Peru. The article discusses fishing techniques utilized to capture such dangerous fish with limited technology. Moreover, it highlights the economic importance of this abundant source of marine food for small-scale residential settlements along the north coast of Peru. Based on current evidence, sharks may have played an important role in the domestic and community-level rituals at Gramalote. Due to the abundance of shark remains, it is suggested that the surplus of its flesh was processed in storage facilities at family level and later was traded with residential settlements for products not available on the coast. Finally, this article suggests that, during the Late Preceramic and Initial Periods, a subsistence pattern may have emerged: while the Central Coast and the Norte Chico regions relied on anchovy as one of the most important fish species for subsistence and other needs, on the north coast of Peru sharks may have played a pivotal role for daily subsistence and economic transactions at the household level.

摘要

本文强调了 Gramalote 遗址鲨鱼渔业的重要性，这是一个早期初始时期（公元前 1500-1200/1100 cal）的捕鱼定居点，在秘鲁海岸沿线发现了有史以来数量最多的鲨鱼遗骸。文章讨论了以有限的技术捕获这种危险鱼类的捕鱼技术。此外，它还强调了这种丰富的海洋食物来源对秘鲁北海岸小型住宅区的经济重要性。根据目前的证据，鲨鱼可能在 Gramalote 的家庭和社区层面的仪式中发挥了重要作用。由于鲨鱼遗骸丰富，建议将其剩余的肉在家庭一级的储存设施中进行加工，然后与居民区进行贸易，以获得沿海地区无法获得的产品。